(Originais Teachy 2023) - Question Medium of Sociology

Social inequality is a phenomenon that manifests itself in various dimensions of life in society, including unequal access to resources, opportunities, and rights. In the Brazilian context, analysts often identify inequality as one of the main challenges for the consolidation of a fairer and more equitable society. According to IBGE data, in 2020, the average monthly income of the top 10% was about 20 times higher than the income of the bottom 40%. Based on this scenario and knowledge about social stratification and inequality, evaluate the following statements:

With the advancement of technology, various professions have been impacted and transformed, leading to adaptations in the job market. Automation, for example, has significantly altered the tasks of many jobs, leading to the replacement of repetitive activities by machines or algorithms. However, these changes do not affect all areas uniformly, and the debate on the social and economic implications of these transformations is intense. In the work 'The Automatic Society: The Future of Work', the sociologist Antônio Garcia Molina discusses the relationship between technology and work, stating that 'automation is not a phenomenon that occurs suddenly, but a gradual process that shapes professional relationships over time, with complex implications for society'. Considering the excerpt and the presented theme, analyze the impact of automation on the job market and identify an example of a profession that has undergone significant transformations due to this process.

According to theorists like Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer, the culture industry is characterized by the mass production of cultural products that tend to standardize the taste and thinking of the masses. Discuss how mass culture can influence individuals' perception and consciousness, highlighting contemporary examples that illustrate this influence. Then, propose a reflection on possible forms of resistance or counterculture that could emerge in response to this cultural hegemony, evaluating their potentials and limitations in the face of the power of the culture industry.