(Originais Teachy 2024) - Question Medium of Physical Education

Football, considered a national passion sport in Brazil, is widely used as a means of social interaction and also in the political sphere. Furthermore, it is essential to know the rules and positions for a better understanding and practice of this sport. Therefore, what are the four basic positions of football players on the field?

Precision sports, such as archery, bocce, and golf, require specific skills and concentration from the athlete to achieve the main goal of each modality. Explain the importance of self-control and discipline in these sports practices, and then identify and compare two precision sports, mentioning their main rules and characteristics.

Volleyball, created in the late 19th century by William G. Morgan in the United States, quickly spread around the world, becoming one of the most popular sports in terms of participation and spectators. With its complex strategies, varied game dynamics, and demand for specific physical and technical skills, volleyball is a sport rich in details. In a volleyball match, reading the game is fundamental to anticipate and react to opponents' actions, and the players' positions on the court play a crucial role in this aspect. Consider a situation where a team is devising its game strategy to overcome a notoriously strong opponent in blocking. The coach, knowing well the capabilities of his athletes, decides to position the middle blocker, who has good blocking ability, in a position that historically offers a tactical advantage in direct confrontation with the opposing opposite hitter, who accelerates his jumping ability. Analyzing the interaction between the laws of physics and the biomechanics of the human body, determine the ideal position of the middle blocker in relation to the net at the moment when the opposing attacker is most likely to touch the ball to overcome the block, considering that both players are in ideal conditions to execute their actions and disregarding any effects of wind or other external variables.

In the sports context, ethics plays a fundamental role in ensuring integrity, respect, and justice in competitions. Ethical conduct in sports involves compliance with rules, the appreciation of honesty, and the promotion of sportsmanship. Considering the importance of ethics in sports practice, discuss how the violation of ethical principles, such as doping or match-fixing, can affect the credibility of sports and the development of athletes. Also, analyze the responsibility of different sports agents, including athletes, coaches, officials, and regulatory bodies, in promoting a culture of integrity and ethics in sports, and how these agents can act to prevent and combat unethical practices in sports. Relate your analysis to practical examples of ethical violations that have had a significant impact on the sports world and discuss the consequences of these violations for the sports community and society at large.