(Originais Teachy 2023) - Question Medium of Physical Education

Futsal is a sports modality that demands not only skill and physical conditioning, but also a deep knowledge of its rules and history for proper appreciation and practice. The sport, originated in the 1930s, has developed over the years and now features world championships that attract millions of spectators. Considering the development of futsal and its formalization as a competitive sport, answer: 1. Describe how changes in futsal rules over time influenced the style of play and team strategy. 2. Explain the importance of the main international futsal championships for player development and the popularization of the sport.

In Physical Education class, 2nd grade students were challenged to practice a sport that requires precision and motor coordination. Using a lighter dart adapted to their age, they should throw it towards a target painted on the ground, trying to hit the center. The teacher noticed that many students were having difficulty adjusting the throwing force to hit the desired target, so he decided to teach a strategy. He explained that to hit the center of the target, it was necessary to consider the distance, the weight of the dart, and the thrower's strength. Taking these aspects into account, the teacher asked the students to calculate the ideal launch angle so that the dart would cover most of the distance in the air, staying close to the ground, thus avoiding significant deviation in its trajectory caused by gravitational force. As the students were learning about the effects of gravity and the influence of parabolic trajectory on throws, the teacher introduced the following question: 'If a student must throw the dart a distance of 5 meters, and considering that the dart will be thrown from a height that does not significantly affect its range, what should be the launch angle for the dart to hit the ground as close as possible to the target without surpassing it?'

The practice of hockey extends across different cultures around the world, being adapted in their styles and rules for ice rinks, grass fields, and even aquatic environments. Aspects such as technical skills, game strategy, and understanding of the rules are fundamental for the players' performance. In the context of an ice hockey match, the contact force between the stick and the puck, combined with the speed of the movement, determine the trajectory and the kinetic energy involved in the athletes' actions. Consider a player who applies a tangential force of 250 N using his hockey stick at an angle of 30° relative to the horizontal plane when making a pass. Disregarding the effects of air resistance and considering that the puck has a mass of 150 g, determine the acceleration of the puck at the moment of the pass and the component of the force that contributes to the change in kinetic energy of the puck in the direction of movement.

In the game of Blind Man's Bluff, it is very important to pay attention to the sounds and orient yourself in space to try to find your friends. Describe, in your own words, how do you orient yourself and find your friends when you are blindfolded in the game of Blind Man's Bluff.