(Originais Teachy 2023) - Question Hard of Physical Education

Did you know that many games and activities we love have origins in the cultures of indigenous and African peoples? These games are very important because they helped shape the culture of our country, Brazil. By observing the games you enjoy playing the most at school or at home, and thinking about what we have learned from indigenous and African cultures, how do you think these games may have come from these peoples and contributed to our society? Share your thoughts and give an example of how a game could have this origin.

In Physical Education class, 2nd grade students were challenged to practice a sport that requires precision and motor coordination. Using a lighter dart adapted to their age, they should throw it towards a target painted on the ground, trying to hit the center. The teacher noticed that many students were having difficulty adjusting the throwing force to hit the desired target, so he decided to teach a strategy. He explained that to hit the center of the target, it was necessary to consider the distance, the weight of the dart, and the thrower's strength. Taking these aspects into account, the teacher asked the students to calculate the ideal launch angle so that the dart would cover most of the distance in the air, staying close to the ground, thus avoiding significant deviation in its trajectory caused by gravitational force. As the students were learning about the effects of gravity and the influence of parabolic trajectory on throws, the teacher introduced the following question: 'If a student must throw the dart a distance of 5 meters, and considering that the dart will be thrown from a height that does not significantly affect its range, what should be the launch angle for the dart to hit the ground as close as possible to the target without surpassing it?'

Imagine that you are a detective and need to uncover a mystery about your own body. To solve this mystery, you must pay close attention to the signals your body sends when you move and play. Think about a game or activity that you really enjoy doing, and describe how your body moves during this play. Which parts of your body do you use the most? And what movements can you easily make? Now, thinking about this game, write about a superpower that you would like to have to further improve your ability to move and why this superpower would be important to you.

The practice of hockey extends across different cultures around the world, being adapted in their styles and rules for ice rinks, grass fields, and even aquatic environments. Aspects such as technical skills, game strategy, and understanding of the rules are fundamental for the players' performance. In the context of an ice hockey match, the contact force between the stick and the puck, combined with the speed of the movement, determine the trajectory and the kinetic energy involved in the athletes' actions. Consider a player who applies a tangential force of 250 N using his hockey stick at an angle of 30° relative to the horizontal plane when making a pass. Disregarding the effects of air resistance and considering that the puck has a mass of 150 g, determine the acceleration of the puck at the moment of the pass and the component of the force that contributes to the change in kinetic energy of the puck in the direction of movement.