Objectives (5 - 10 minutes)

1. Understand the concept of Direct Speech and Indirect Speech: The teacher must ensure that students have a clear and concise understanding of what Direct Speech and Indirect Speech are in the Portuguese language. This can be done through practical examples and classroom discussions.

2. Differentiate between Direct Speech and Indirect Speech: Students should be able to identify and differentiate between Direct Speech and Indirect Speech in real texts. This requires a deep understanding of the characteristics and rules of each type of speech.

3. Convert Direct Speech to Indirect Speech and vice versa: Students should be able to effectively transform Direct Speech into Indirect Speech and vice versa. This involves the practical application of the rules and necessary transformations for the conversion.

   Secondary Objectives:

   • Grammar and punctuation reinforcement: During the conversion process, students will have the opportunity to review and reinforce the correct use of grammar and punctuation in the Portuguese language.

   • Improvement of reading and comprehension skills: By working with different forms of speech, students will enhance their reading and text comprehension skills, an essential skill in any discipline.

   • Writing practice: Through transformation activities, students will have the opportunity to practice writing effectively and coherently, applying the rules of direct and indirect speech.

Introduction (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Review of previous content:

   • The teacher should start the lesson by briefly reviewing the concepts of speech, narrative, and dialogism that were covered in previous classes. This review is essential for students to connect the new content with what they have already learned.

2. Problem situations:

   • The teacher can present two problem situations to arouse the interest and curiosity of the students:
     1. "How do you think the transcription of a long and complex speech would be in an informal conversation?"
     2. "Have you ever thought about telling a story that someone told you, but using your own words and not the words of the person who told you?"

3. Contextualization:

   • The teacher can explain the importance of direct and indirect speech in everyday life, citing examples of how these types of speech are used in news, interviews, daily conversations, literature, etc. This helps to show students that what they are learning has practical applicability.

4. Introduction to the topic:

   • The teacher can then introduce the topic of the day, revealing that the problem situations presented are directly related to the concept of direct and indirect speech.
   • To capture the students' attention, the teacher can share some curiosities about the topic, such as, for example, that the conversion from direct to indirect speech is one of the most common difficulties encountered by Portuguese language students.
   • Another interesting curiosity could be the fact that the way we use direct and indirect speech can vary between different languages and cultures.

This Introduction stage is crucial to establish a solid foundation of understanding and interest in the topic. The teacher should encourage active student participation by asking questions and fostering discussion.

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Activity 1 - "The Speech Game" (10-12 minutes):

   • The teacher should divide the class into groups of three or four students. Each group will receive a set of colored cards. Each color will represent a different type of speech (direct, indirect, free indirect speech, etc.).
   • The teacher will then read a series of short stories, poems, or excerpts from books aloud. After each reading, the groups will have to identify which type of speech is being used and justify their answer.
   • This playful and interactive activity will help students practice identifying direct and indirect speech in a fun and engaging way.

2. Activity 2 - "The Transformation Game" (10-12 minutes):

   • Still in their groups, students will receive sets of sentences, some in direct speech and others in indirect speech. The challenge will be to transform the sentences from one type of speech to the other, following the appropriate grammatical rules.
   • Students should be encouraged to discuss and collaborate with each other to solve the challenges. This activity will allow them to practice the conversion from direct to indirect speech actively and cooperatively.

3. Activity 3 - "Real-World Application" (5 minutes):

   • Finally, students will be invited to bring examples of direct and indirect speech they have encountered in their daily readings, news, social media, etc. They should share these examples with the class and discuss why the author chose to use the type of speech they used.
   • This activity will help students see the practical application of what they are learning, reinforcing the relevance of the topic and improving their reading and comprehension skills.

The teacher should circulate around the room during the activities, providing feedback, clarifying doubts, and encouraging the participation of all students. It is important for students to feel comfortable asking questions and sharing their difficulties and discoveries. The teacher should take this opportunity to reinforce key concepts and correct any errors or misunderstandings.

Return (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Group discussion (3 - 5 minutes):

   • The teacher should gather all students for a large group discussion. Each group will have the opportunity to share their solutions or conclusions from the "Speech Game" and "Transformation Game" activities.
   • During the discussion, the teacher should encourage the groups to explain the reasoning behind their answers, promoting communication and understanding among students.
   • The teacher should use this discussion to make connections with the theory presented at the beginning of the lesson, reinforcing the concepts of direct and indirect speech and their characteristics.

2. Learning verification (3 - 5 minutes):

   • After the discussion, the teacher should do a quick learning verification. This can be done through oral questions, short quizzes, or even a question and answer game.
   • The goal of this verification is to ensure that students have understood the key concepts and are able to apply them effectively. The teacher should pay attention to students' answers and identify any areas that may need reinforcement or additional review.

3. Connection to the real world (3 - 5 minutes):

   • The teacher should then connect what was learned in the classroom to the real world. This can be done through discussing the examples of direct and indirect speech that students brought from the "Real-World Application" activity.
   • The teacher can also present additional examples of how direct and indirect speech are used in different contexts, such as literature, media, advertising, etc. This will help students better understand the relevance and applicability of what they have learned.
   • Finally, the teacher should encourage students to reflect on how they can apply what they have learned in their own lives. This may involve identifying the use of direct and indirect speech in their daily conversations, readings, writing activities, etc.

4. Feedback and closure (1 - 2 minutes):

   • To conclude the lesson, the teacher should ask for feedback from students about the lesson. This may involve questions like "What did you find most useful?" or "What would you like to learn more about?". Student feedback is essential for the teacher's continuous improvement and for adapting the lesson plan to students' needs and interests.
   • The teacher should then summarize the key points of the lesson, reinforcing the key concepts and the importance of direct and indirect speech. The teacher can also provide an overview of what will be covered in the next lesson, so that students can prepare adequately.

This Return stage is crucial to consolidate students' learning, reinforce their understanding of the concepts, and promote reflection and practical application of what was learned. The teacher should ensure that all students have had the opportunity to participate and that their voices and ideas are valued.

Conclusion (5 - 10 minutes)

1. Summary of Contents (2 - 3 minutes):

   • The teacher should start the Conclusion by summarizing the main points covered in the lesson. This includes a review of the concept of Direct Speech and Indirect Speech, their characteristics, rules, and transformations.
   • The teacher should emphasize the importance of understanding and being able to differentiate and convert between the two types of speech. To do this, it may be helpful to briefly review the examples used in the activities and discussions of the lesson.

2. Connection between Theory, Practice, and Applications (1 - 2 minutes):

   • The teacher should then explain how the lesson connected the theory of Direct and Indirect Speech with the practice of identifying and converting these types of speech.
   • The teacher can illustrate this connection by citing examples of how the ability to recognize and use direct and indirect speech is valuable in many real-life situations, such as reading news, interviews, stories, etc.
   • The teacher should emphasize that the lesson not only taught a grammatical concept but also helped students improve their reading, comprehension, writing, and critical analysis skills.

3. Supplementary Materials (1 - 2 minutes):

   • The teacher can suggest some additional reading materials, websites, videos, or other sources that students can explore to deepen their understanding of Direct and Indirect Speech.
   • These materials may include online practice exercises, examples of direct and indirect speech in different contexts, more detailed explanations of the rules and transformations, etc.

4. Relevance of the Subject (1 - 2 minutes):

   • To conclude, the teacher should emphasize the relevance of Direct and Indirect Speech in everyday life, not only as a communication tool but also as a form of artistic and literary expression.
   • The teacher should encourage students to apply what they have learned not only in their Portuguese classes but also in their daily interactions, readings, and writing activities.
   • The teacher can emphasize that the ability to recognize and use direct and indirect speech will not only improve students' communication but also make them more effective readers, more expressive writers, and ultimately, more critical thinkers.

The Conclusion is an essential part of the lesson, as it helps to consolidate students' learning, connect theory to practice and applications, and motivate continued study of the subject. The teacher should ensure that the Conclusion is clear, concise, and engaging, and that students have had the opportunity to ask questions and share their reflections.