Lesson Plan | Traditional Methodology | Augmentative and Diminutive

Objectives

Duration: (10 - 15 minutes)

The purpose of this stage is to provide a clear overview of what students will learn during the lesson. This helps to set expectations and direct students' focus to the main concepts that will be addressed, ensuring that everyone understands the importance and practical application of the content.

Main Objectives

1. Teach students how to form the augmentative and diminutive of words with the suffixes -ão and -inho/-zinho.

2. Enable students to recognize words in the augmentative or diminutive in a text.

Introduction

Duration: (10 - 15 minutes)

The purpose of this stage is to provide an initial context that helps students connect with the lesson's theme. Presenting curiosities and examples from everyday life facilitates understanding and makes learning more interesting. This introduction paves the way for the detailed explanation of the concepts that will follow.

Context

To start our lesson on augmentative and diminutive, let's think about how we use these forms in our daily lives. When we want to express that something is very big, like a huge dog, we can say 'cachorrão'. Similarly, when we want to refer to something small and cute, like a kitten, we can say 'gatinho'. These forms help to convey the size and importance of things more clearly in our conversations.

Curiosities

Did you know that we use augmentative and diminutive all the time without realizing it? For example, when we affectionately call someone 'amiguinho' or when we talk about a 'problemão' we need to solve, we are using these forms to emphasize our words. It's a fun and expressive way to speak!

Development

Duration: (35 - 45 minutes)

The purpose of this stage is to deepen students' knowledge of augmentatives and diminutives, offering a detailed and practical explanation of how these suffixes are used in Portuguese. By the end of this stage, students should be able to form augmentatives and diminutives correctly and recognize these forms in texts, which is essential for comprehension and proper use of the language.

Covered Topics

1. Definition of Augmentative and Diminutive: Explain what augmentative and diminutive are. The augmentative is used to indicate something large or larger than normal, while the diminutive indicates something small or smaller than normal. 2. Common Suffixes: Detail the most common suffixes used to form augmentatives and diminutives in Portuguese. For the augmentative, the most common suffixes are '-ão' and '-ona' (e.g., 'cachorrão', 'mulherona'). For the diminutive, the suffixes are '-inho', '-inha', '-zinho', and '-zinha' (e.g., 'gatinho', 'casinha', 'florzinha'). 3. Specific Rules: Explain some specific rules for forming augmentatives and diminutives. For example, words ending in '-r', '-s', or '-z' typically receive '-inho' or '-zinho' (e.g., 'flor' -> 'florzinha', 'rapaz' -> 'rapazinho'). 4. Practical Examples: Provide several practical examples of words in augmentative and diminutive, highlighting how meanings change. Use everyday examples to facilitate understanding (e.g., 'casa' -> 'casinha' -> 'casarão'). 5. Use in Daily Life: Discuss how and why we use augmentatives and diminutives in our daily conversations. Explain that these forms are not just for describing size, but also for expressing emotions and emphasizing (e.g., 'amiguinha' to show affection, 'problemão' to highlight severity).

Classroom Questions

1. Transform the following words to augmentative: 'bola', 'gato', 'mesa'. 2. Transform the following words to diminutive: 'casa', 'flor', 'menino'. 3. Read the following excerpt and underline the words that are in augmentative or diminutive: 'O menininho estava brincando com seu cachorrão no quintal da casinha.'

Questions Discussion

Duration: (20 - 25 minutes)

The purpose of this stage is to consolidate learning, allowing students to reflect on what they have learned and clarify any doubts. Discussing the answers and formulating new questions helps to solidify the content, promoting a deeper understanding and the ability to apply knowledge in different contexts.

Discussion

•  Discussion of the Questions: Review each of the questions presented in the Development stage:

• Transform the following words to augmentative: 'bola', 'gato', 'mesa'.

• Bola -> Bolão

• Gato -> Gatão

• Mesa -> Mesona

• Transform the following words to diminutive: 'casa', 'flor', 'menino'.

• Casa -> Casinha

• Flor -> Florzinha

• Menino -> Menininho

• Read the following excerpt and underline the words that are in augmentative or diminutive: 'O menininho estava brincando com seu cachorrão no quintal da casinha.'

• Menininho, cachorrão, casinha.

Student Engagement

1.  Student Engagement: After reviewing the questions, ask questions to encourage discussion and reflection: 2. Why do we use 'ão' to form the augmentative in 'bola' and 'gato', but 'ona' in 'mesa'? 3. What other examples of words in diminutive can you think of? Let's share! 4. How does the use of diminutive or augmentative change how we understand the sentence? For example, what is the difference between saying 'menino' and 'menininho'? 5. Do you remember any stories or cartoons where characters often use augmentatives or diminutives? How does this affect the narrative?

Conclusion

Duration: (10 - 15 minutes)

The purpose of this stage is to review and consolidate the learned content, ensuring that students have understood the main concepts of the lesson. Recapping the main topics helps to solidify knowledge and clarify possible doubts, preparing students to apply what they have learned in future contexts.

Summary

• Augmentative is used to indicate something large or larger than normal.
• Diminutive is used to indicate something small or smaller than normal.
• Common suffixes for augmentative: '-ão' and '-ona'.
• Common suffixes for diminutive: '-inho', '-inha', '-zinho', and '-zinha'.
• Specific rules for forming augmentatives and diminutives.
• Practical examples from everyday life showing the change in meanings.
• Use of augmentatives and diminutives to express emotions and give emphasis.

The lesson connected theory with practice by providing everyday examples to illustrate how augmentatives and diminutives are used, as well as involving students in the transformation of words and identifying these forms in a text. This helped to visualize the practical application of the concepts taught.

The study of augmentatives and diminutives is important for everyday life because these forms are frequently used to express sizes, emotions, and give emphasis in our conversations. Understanding them helps in clearer and more expressive communication. For example, knowing when to use 'amiguinho' or 'amigão' can change the intent of the message.