(Originais Teachy 2023) - Question Medium of Physical Education

In the current context, the practice of physical exercise is strongly encouraged due to its health benefits. However, it is common for people to confuse the terms 'physical exercise' and 'physical activity', using them as synonyms. According to the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM), 'physical exercise' is a subcategory of 'physical activity' that is planned, structured, repetitive, and intentional with the goal of improving or maintaining one or more components of physical fitness' (ACSM, 2014). Based on this definition, discuss the conceptual differences between 'physical activity' and 'physical exercise', as well as their implications in the development of health programs and the public's understanding of the importance of body movement.

In Physical Education class, 2nd grade students were challenged to practice a sport that requires precision and motor coordination. Using a lighter dart adapted to their age, they should throw it towards a target painted on the ground, trying to hit the center. The teacher noticed that many students were having difficulty adjusting the throwing force to hit the desired target, so he decided to teach a strategy. He explained that to hit the center of the target, it was necessary to consider the distance, the weight of the dart, and the thrower's strength. Taking these aspects into account, the teacher asked the students to calculate the ideal launch angle so that the dart would cover most of the distance in the air, staying close to the ground, thus avoiding significant deviation in its trajectory caused by gravitational force. As the students were learning about the effects of gravity and the influence of parabolic trajectory on throws, the teacher introduced the following question: 'If a student must throw the dart a distance of 5 meters, and considering that the dart will be thrown from a height that does not significantly affect its range, what should be the launch angle for the dart to hit the ground as close as possible to the target without surpassing it?'

As a sports scientist, you are tasked with creating a new game that combines elements of net sports like volleyball and wall sports like climbing. Describe how this game would be, including the basic rules, how players can score points, what is needed to play, and the importance of each element (net, ball, wall, safety equipment) for the game to function. Also explain what the ultimate goal of the game is and how players can work together as a team to achieve it.

With the exponential growth of the electronic gaming industry, it has become common to hold championships and competitions that bring together thousands of players and spectators. These events demand not only technical skills from the competitors, but also strategies and teamwork. Considering this context, discuss the role of electronic games in contemporary culture, analyzing how the practice and observation of these games can contribute to the development of social and cognitive skills of the players. Additionally, evaluate the positive and negative impacts that the inherent competitiveness of electronic games can have on the formation of individuals and the social dynamics of the groups that participate in these practices.