(ESPCEX 2012) - Question Medium of Spanish

In a conversation between two friends, one of them says: 'Do you remember that restaurant we went to last year? The waiter who served us was very friendly!'. In the context of this conversation, what reference element is present in the friend's speech when referring to the waiter?

Based on the title of the poem 'The Shoulders Carry the World' by Carlos Drummond de Andrade, analyze the relationship of this title with the presented excerpt and point out the expectations generated regarding the content of the poem. Justify your answer using the words and ideas present in the excerpt.

In the following text, extracted from the work 'The Little Prince' by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, observe the use of noun determiners and their relationship with the context for the construction of meaning. 'The men? They always judge too much. And I never heard from the old man again. Maybe he's dead from hunger.' Considering the presented excerpt and the work as a whole, evaluate the role of noun determiners in characterizing the characters and creating expectations in the reader. Explain how the use of determiners can influence the reader's interpretation of the social and emotional context of the characters. To answer this question, you must integrate knowledge about the function of noun determiners with an understanding of the historical and cultural context in which the work was written, demonstrating a critical view of the impact of these elements on the construction of the text's meaning.