(Originais Teachy 2024) - Question Medium of History

Mesopotamia, 'land between rivers', was the cradle of some of the earliest complex civilizations in history, including the Sumerian, Akkadian, Babylonian, and Assyrian. These societies developed writing systems, laws, and forms of political and religious organization that had a great influence on later civilizations. As historian Marc Van De Mieroop points out in 'A History of Mesopotamia': 'Cuneiform writing, the invention of a complex legal system, the organization of a society based on city-states and empires, and the practice of a religion that permeated all aspects of daily life are just a few of the remarkable achievements of Mesopotamian civilizations.' Considering the cultural, geographical, and historical context of Mesopotamia, write a text discussing the importance and legacy of at least two of the following cultural characteristics developed by these societies: (1) Cuneiform writing; (2) The organization of a society in the form of city-states. Explain how these characteristics reflected and influenced the complex social and political structures of the time, and discuss how such legacies manifest in aspects of modern life or in later societies.