(URCA 2015) - Question Easy of Chemistry

Nitro compounds are organic compounds that have one or more nitro groups (NO2) directly attached to a carbon atom of an alkyl or aryl group. They are commonly used as explosives due to their ability to rapidly decompose and release gases. Considering the IUPAC nomenclature rules for nitro compounds, answer: a) What is the correct nomenclature for the compound CH3CH2NO2? b) Write the molecular structure of 2,4-dinitrotoluene and identify the functional groups present in the molecule. c) According to the IUPAC rules, what is the name of the organic compound formed by substituting the three hydrogens of methane with three nitro groups?

When studying covalent bonds, 1st-year high school students learned about Lewis theory, which describes the formation of covalent bonds through the sharing of electron pairs between atoms. Considering that the covalent bond is formed between two non-metals, propose and explain an example of a covalent compound, highlighting its structural formula and how Lewis theory can be applied to describe the formation of covalent bonds in the chosen compound. Additionally, briefly discuss a characteristic physical or chemical property of this type of covalent compound that differentiates it from ionic or metallic compounds.

Consider that a group of students conducted an experiment in the Chemistry laboratory by mixing 10 grams of salt (sodium chloride) in a cup containing 200 mL of water. After the mixture reached homogeneity, we call this mixture a solution. Calculate the concentration in g/L of this solution and identify which of the alternatives below best describes the relationship between solute, solvent, and concentration in the solution?