Objectives (5 minutes)

1. Understand the difference between physical exercise and physical activity, identifying the characteristics of each and how they relate.
2. Analyze the importance of physical exercise and physical activity for health and well-being, recognizing the benefits they provide for the body and mind.
3. Discuss the different forms of physical exercise and physical activity, evaluating the factors that influence the choice and practice of these activities.

Secondary Objectives:

• Develop research and analysis skills by exploring the topic and seeking complementary information.
• Promote active participation of students in building knowledge, encouraging critical thinking and expression of ideas.
• Stimulate awareness of the importance of regular practice of physical exercises and physical activities for maintaining health and preventing diseases.

Introduction (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Review of Previous Content:

   • The teacher should start the class by reviewing the basic concepts of physical education, such as the importance of movement for health and body functioning, and the types of physical activities that exist. This should be done interactively, asking questions to students and encouraging active participation. (3 - 5 minutes)

2. Problem Situation:

   • Next, the teacher should propose two problem situations to arouse students' interest in the lesson topic. The first situation could be: 'Imagine a person who spends the whole day in an office chair, but takes a 30-minute walk at night. Is she doing physical exercise or physical activity? Why?' The second situation could be: 'If a person plays soccer once a week, is she doing physical exercise or physical activity? And if she plays soccer every day?' These situations should be discussed in groups, and the answers noted for review during the theoretical explanation. (5 - 7 minutes)

3. Contextualization:

   • The teacher should then contextualize the importance of the topic, explaining how understanding the difference between physical exercise and physical activity can influence the choice and practice of activities for promoting health and well-being. Examples can be cited on how regular practice of physical exercises and physical activities can prevent diseases, improve mood, increase energy and productivity, among other benefits. (2 - 3 minutes)

4. Introduction to the Topic:

   • Finally, the teacher should introduce the topic of the lesson, explaining that they will deepen their knowledge about physical exercise and physical activity, discussing their definitions, differences, and importance. Curiosity can be sparked among students by sharing a fun fact, such as 'Did you know that, according to the World Health Organization, physical inactivity is the fourth leading risk factor for death worldwide?' (1 - 2 minutes)

With this Introduction, students should be prepared and motivated to actively participate in the class, seeking to understand and discuss the proposed topic.

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Discussion and Scenario Analysis Activity (10 - 12 minutes):

   • The teacher should divide students into groups of up to five members. Each group will receive a sheet of paper and markers.
   • The teacher should then present three scenarios related to the practice of physical exercise and physical activity, for example: 'A person who works as a luggage carrier at an airport and spends most of the day in motion. Does she need to do more physical exercise or physical activity? Why?'; 'A person who practices yoga every day, but does not engage in any other physical activity. Is she doing physical exercise or physical activity?'; 'A person who does not engage in any type of physical activity. Is she doing physical exercise or physical activity?'.
   • Each group should discuss the scenario they received, identify if the described situation is physical exercise or physical activity, and justify their answer. They should record their conclusions on the paper, including a drawing representing the situation.
   • After the stipulated time, each group should present their scenario and conclusions to the class, promoting a collective discussion. The teacher should comment on the answers, correcting possible misconceptions and reinforcing the correct concepts.

2. Physical Exercise and Physical Activity Cards Activity (10 - 12 minutes):

   • Still in groups, students will receive a set of cards. Each card will have the name of a physical activity, such as 'running', 'biking', 'dancing', 'playing soccer', among others.
   • The groups should organize the cards into two piles, one for physical exercise and another for physical activity, according to the classification they believe is correct.
   • After organizing, the teacher should review each group's piles of cards, explaining the correct classification and correcting possible errors.
   • This activity aims to deepen students' understanding of the concept of physical exercise and physical activity, and stimulate discussion and argumentation among them.

3. Debate on the Importance of Physical Exercise and Physical Activity (5 - 6 minutes):

   • To conclude the Development stage, the teacher should promote a debate in the classroom about the importance of physical exercise and physical activity for health and well-being.
   • The teacher should start the debate by presenting some arguments, such as 'Physical exercise strengthens muscles and bones, improves blood circulation, prevents heart diseases and diabetes, and helps control weight'; 'Physical activity, in turn, can be a form of leisure, socialization, cultural expression, among others'.
   • Students should then be encouraged to express their opinions, ask questions, and comment on the arguments presented. The teacher should mediate the debate, ensuring that everyone has the opportunity to speak, respecting opinions and promoting a healthy and constructive discussion.

With these activities, students will have the opportunity to explore the topic in a more in-depth manner, apply the concepts learned, and develop skills in analysis, argumentation, and group work. Additionally, the active and participatory methodology contributes to student engagement and the construction of knowledge in a more meaningful and enjoyable way.

Return (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Group Discussion (5 - 7 minutes):

   • The teacher should lead a group discussion with all students, where each group shares their conclusions and solutions found during the activities. Each group will have a maximum of 3 minutes to present their findings.
   • During the presentations, the teacher should encourage the participation of everyone, promoting an environment of respect and appreciation for different opinions and ideas. The teacher should ask targeted questions to each group, encouraging reflection and deepening of the topic.
   • The objective of this activity is to allow students to learn from each other, sharing different perspectives and building collective knowledge on the topic.

2. Connection with Theory (3 - 5 minutes):

   • After the group discussion, the teacher should review the theoretical concepts presented at the beginning of the class, relating them to the conclusions obtained during the practical activities.
   • The teacher should highlight the main ideas and concepts discussed, reinforcing the difference between physical exercise and physical activity, and the importance of both for health and well-being.
   • The teacher should also emphasize the benefits of regular practice of physical exercises and physical activities, and the factors that influence the choice and practice of these activities.

3. Individual Reflection (2 - 3 minutes):

   • To conclude the class, the teacher should propose a moment of individual reflection. Students should silently think for a minute about answers to questions like: 'What was the most important concept I learned today?' and 'What questions have not been answered yet?'.
   • After this minute of reflection, the teacher should open a space for students who wish to share their answers with the class. The teacher should value all contributions, encouraging the participation of everyone and promoting an environment of attentive listening and respect.

4. Teacher's Feedback (1 - 2 minutes):

   • Finally, the teacher should provide general feedback on the class, highlighting the positive points and areas that can be improved. The teacher should also reinforce the importance of the topic and the need for continued study on physical exercise and physical activity.

With the Return, students will have the opportunity to consolidate what they have learned, reflect on their discoveries and doubts, and receive feedback from the teacher. This contributes to the internalization of knowledge, the appreciation of the learning process, and the planning of next steps.

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Summary of Contents (2 - 3 minutes):

   • The teacher should start the Conclusion of the class by summarizing the main points covered. They should recap the difference between physical exercise and physical activity, the benefits of each for health and well-being, and the factors that influence the choice and practice of these activities.
   • The teacher should reinforce the fundamental concepts, explaining that physical exercise involves planned and structured effort, aiming to improve physical fitness, while physical activity refers to any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles, resulting in energy expenditure above resting levels.

2. Connection between Theory, Practice, and Applications (1 - 2 minutes):

   • Next, the teacher should highlight how the class connected theory, practice, and applications. They should explain that through practical activities, students were able to not only better understand theoretical concepts, but also apply them in real situations.
   • The teacher should emphasize that the discussion and debate promoted during the class allowed students to realize the importance of physical exercise and physical activity in their lives, and the need to choose and practice these activities consciously and regularly.

3. Additional Materials (1 - 2 minutes):

   • The teacher should then suggest some additional materials for students who wish to deepen their knowledge on the topic. These materials may include articles, videos, books, health organization websites, among others.
   • The teacher should encourage students to explore these materials at home, and to bring their questions and reflections to the next classes.

4. Relevance of the Subject (1 minute):

   • Finally, the teacher should reinforce the importance of the topic for students' daily lives. They should explain that understanding the difference between physical exercise and physical activity and the importance of both for health and well-being is essential for choosing and practicing physical activities consciously and effectively.
   • The teacher should also emphasize that regular practice of physical exercises and physical activities, according to each person's capacities and preferences, significantly contributes to improving quality of life.

With the Conclusion, students will have the opportunity to consolidate what they have learned, make connections between theory and practice, and reflect on the importance of the topic for their lives. Additionally, the additional materials suggested by the teacher allow students to continue exploring the topic autonomously and in-depth, encouraging continuous study and self-directed learning.