Objectives (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Understanding Adjectives and Adverbs in English: Students should be able to understand what adjectives and adverbs are, their functions, and how they modify the meaning of words in sentences.

2. Differentiation between Adjectives and Adverbs: Students should be able to identify whether a word is an adjective or an adverb in a sentence, recognizing the distinct characteristics of each.

3. Correct Use of Adjectives and Adverbs: Students should be able to apply adjectives and adverbs correctly in their own English sentences, demonstrating a clear understanding of the use and function of these parts of speech.

   • Secondary Objectives:
     1. Expand Vocabulary: Through practice with adjectives and adverbs, students will have the opportunity to learn new words in English, enriching their vocabulary.
     2. Improve Writing Skills: By using adjectives and adverbs correctly in their own sentences, students will also be enhancing their writing skills in English.

The teacher should present these Objectives at the beginning of the lesson so that students know what will be expected of them. Each objective should be explained clearly and concisely so that students can understand and prepare adequately for the lesson.

Introduction (10 - 12 minutes)

1. Content Review (3-4 minutes): The teacher should start the lesson by reminding students about the concepts of nouns and verbs, which are fundamental parts of speech. This review is important so that students can understand the function of adjectives and adverbs, which are used to modify nouns and verbs.

2. Problem-Solving Scenarios (3-4 minutes): The teacher can propose two hypothetical situations involving the use of adjectives and adverbs. For example, the first situation could be about describing a scene or person using adjectives, while the second could be about describing an action or event using adverbs. These situations will serve as the basis for the theoretical explanation of adjectives and adverbs.

3. Contextualization (2-3 minutes): The teacher should then explain the importance of using adjectives and adverbs correctly in different contexts, such as in oral and written communication, in reading English texts, and even in understanding song lyrics and movie dialogues. This contextualization helps students realize the relevance of the subject and feel more motivated to learn.

4. Topic Introduction (2-3 minutes): To capture students' attention, the teacher can present interesting facts about the use of adjectives and adverbs in the English language. For example, they can mention that, unlike Portuguese, many adjectives in English can be used as adverbs without the need for a change in the word's form. The teacher can also introduce the topic by showing some famous sentences that effectively use adjectives and adverbs to create an impact, such as "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" or "She sang beautifully".

This Introduction should be planned to arouse students' interest in the topic, remind them of relevant previous content, and prepare them for a more in-depth exploration of the theme.

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Theory (10 - 12 minutes): The teacher should start the theoretical part of the lesson by explaining what adjectives and adverbs are and how they differ. They can use the blackboard or whiteboard to write examples and illustrations, and provide a list of some common adjectives and adverbs in English.

   • Adjectives Definition (3 - 4 minutes): The teacher should explain that adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns, giving them characteristics or qualities. For example, in "the big house", "big" is the adjective that describes the house.

   • Adverbs Definition (3 - 4 minutes): The teacher should explain that adverbs are words that modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. For example, in "she runs quickly", "quickly" is the adverb that modifies the verb "runs", indicating that the action is fast.

   • Differences between Adjectives and Adverbs (3 - 4 minutes): The teacher should clarify that while adjectives modify nouns, adverbs can modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs. Additionally, the teacher should highlight that many adverbs are formed by adding the suffix "-ly" to an adjective. For example, "quick" (adjective) becomes "quickly" (adverb).

2. Practice (10 - 12 minutes): After the theoretical explanation, the teacher should move on to practice. They can use gapped exercises, questions and answers, and writing activities to reinforce students' understanding of the subject.

   • Gap-Fill Exercises (3 - 4 minutes): The teacher can provide students with a list of sentences with blank spaces where they must fill in the appropriate adjective or adverb. For example, "The _______ girl ran _______ to catch the bus." (The quick girl ran quickly to catch the bus).

   • Questions and Answers (3 - 4 minutes): The teacher can ask students questions about the sentences they filled in, to ensure they understand the correct use of adjectives and adverbs. For example, "Why do we use the adjective 'quick' and the adverb 'quickly' in this sentence?".

   • Writing Activities (3 - 4 minutes): Finally, the teacher can suggest that students create their own sentences using adjectives and adverbs, and share them with the class. This will help reinforce students' understanding of the subject and also improve their writing skills in English.

The teacher should be attentive during this stage to correct any errors and clarify any doubts students may have. Additionally, the teacher should encourage active student participation, making the lesson more interactive and engaging.

Feedback (8 - 10 minutes)

1. Content Review (3 - 4 minutes): At this stage, the teacher should review the content covered in the lesson, reinforcing the concepts of adjectives and adverbs, the difference between them, and how they are used to modify nouns and verbs. The teacher can use practical and real examples to illustrate these concepts and ensure that students have understood them.

2. Connection with Theory, Practice, and Applications (3 - 4 minutes): The teacher should then help students make the connection between the theory, practice, and applications of using adjectives and adverbs. This can be done through direct questions, such as:

   • "How would you use adjectives and adverbs to describe a person or a situation?"
   • "How can the correct use of adjectives and adverbs improve your communication in English?"
   • "What were the main difficulties you faced when trying to use adjectives and adverbs in your own sentences?" These questions will help students reflect on what they have learned and identify areas that still need practice or clarification.

3. Student Feedback (2 - 3 minutes): Finally, the teacher should request feedback from students about the lesson. This can be done through open-ended questions, such as:

   • "What did you find most interesting or useful in today's lesson?"
   • "What questions have not been answered yet?"
   • "Do you feel more confident now in using adjectives and adverbs in English than before the lesson?" Student feedback is crucial for the teacher to assess the effectiveness of the lesson and make adjustments, if necessary, for future classes.

Feedback is an essential part of the lesson plan, as it allows the teacher to assess students' understanding of the topic, reinforce key learning points, and make improvements in planning future lessons. Additionally, by requesting feedback from students, the teacher is demonstrating openness to listen and respond to students' needs and expectations, which can increase their motivation and engagement in the learning process.

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Summary of Contents (2 - 3 minutes): The teacher should recap the main points covered during the lesson. This includes the definition of adjectives and adverbs, their functions of modifying nouns and verbs, and the differences between them. Additionally, the teacher should recall the practical examples used during the lesson to illustrate the use of adjectives and adverbs.

2. Connection between Theory, Practice, and Applications (1 - 2 minutes): The teacher should highlight how the lesson connected the theory, practice, and applications of using adjectives and adverbs. This may include reviewing practical activities that students carried out during the lesson, and discussing how the correct use of adjectives and adverbs can improve communication in English in different contexts.

3. Extra Materials (1 - 2 minutes): The teacher should suggest additional materials for students who wish to deepen their understanding of adjectives and adverbs. This may include English grammar books, language learning websites, or vocabulary study apps. The teacher can also recommend English texts, songs, or movies that students can explore to identify the use of adjectives and adverbs in practice.

4. Subject Relevance (1 minute): Finally, the teacher should briefly explain the importance of using adjectives and adverbs correctly in everyday life. The teacher can highlight how the ability to use these parts of speech effectively can improve communication in English, both in speaking and writing. Additionally, the teacher can mention that the proper use of adjectives and adverbs can contribute to the understanding and appreciation of literary texts, songs, movies, and other aspects of English culture.

This Conclusion serves to consolidate students' learning, provide additional resources for those who wish to delve deeper into the subject, and reinforce the relevance of the topic to students' daily lives. The teacher should end the lesson on a positive and motivating note, encouraging students to continue practicing and exploring the use of adjectives and adverbs in English.