Objectives (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Develop the recognition of the letters of the English alphabet: Students should be able to identify and name the 26 letters of the English alphabet. Through interactive and playful activities, they will be encouraged to associate each letter with its respective sound.

2. Associate the letters of the alphabet with their corresponding sounds: After recognizing the letters, students should learn to associate each of them with its specific sound. This will be done through memory games, songs, and active listening activities.

3. Practice the correct pronunciation of the sounds of the English alphabet: In addition to recognizing the letters and sounds, students will also be guided to pronounce each sound correctly. The teacher will emphasize the importance of practice and repetition for the development of proper pronunciation.

Secondary Objectives:

• Promote active student participation: The teacher should encourage active student participation throughout the lesson to ensure a collaborative and engaging learning environment.

• Foster playful and contextualized learning: Through games, songs, and practical activities, students will be encouraged to learn in a fun and contextualized way, facilitating the assimilation of the content.

Introduction (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Review of Previous Content: The teacher will start the lesson by reminding students of the basic sounds in English that have been learned in previous classes. This includes simple sounds, such as vowels and consonants, as well as more complex sounds, such as digraphs and letter combinations that produce unique sounds. This review can be done through a quick activity to recall sounds and associate them with the corresponding letters.

2. Problem Situations: The teacher can present students with two situations that spark curiosity and the need to learn the lesson content. For example, they can show an English word written and ask students how they think the word is pronounced. Then, the teacher can ask students how they know that the word is pronounced that way. Another problem situation could be presenting students with a list of words that start with the same letter but have completely different sounds. The teacher can ask students to identify what these words have in common and how they know they have different sounds.

3. Contextualization: The teacher can contextualize the importance of the lesson's theme by highlighting how knowledge of the English alphabet and sounds is crucial for reading, writing, and effective communication in English. They can mention that without this skill, students may have difficulties spelling words, understanding the correct pronunciation of new words, and communicating clearly in English.

4. Introduction of the Topic: To introduce the topic and capture students' attention, the teacher can share some curiosities about the English alphabet and sounds. For example, they can mention that the English alphabet has 26 letters but produces about 44 different sounds. They can also mention that the pronunciation of English alphabet letters can vary depending on the word they are used in. Another interesting curiosity is that some letters of the English alphabet have sounds that do not exist in students' native language, such as the "th" in "think" and "this".

5. Gaining Attention: To capture students' attention, the teacher can share the story of how the English alphabet developed over time. They can mention that the English alphabet is based on the Latin alphabet, which was brought to England by the Romans. However, over the centuries, several letters have been added or removed from the alphabet, and the pronunciation of some letters has changed significantly. The teacher can also mention that English is one of the few languages that does not have a perfect correspondence between the letters and the sounds they represent, making English particularly challenging for non-native learners.

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Presentation of the English Alphabet (5 - 7 minutes):

   1.1. The teacher will start the presentation of the English alphabet with the letter "A," emphasizing its sound. They will show how the letter "A" can have different sounds in different words. For example, "apple" and "alligator" have different "A" sounds.

   1.2. The teacher will then move on to the letter "B" and so on, presenting each letter and its corresponding sound. They can use flashcards, posters, or a whiteboard to show each letter, and may ask students to repeat the sound of each letter after its presentation.

2. Sound Association Activity (7 - 10 minutes):

   2.1. After the presentation of each letter and its corresponding sound, the teacher will conduct a sound association activity. They will play a series of sounds in English, and students will have to identify the letter that corresponds to the sound.

   2.2. This activity can be done in a playful way, such as a "letter race" game, where students must run to touch the correct letter of the alphabet when the corresponding sound is played.

3. Spelling Activity (5 - 7 minutes):

   3.1. After the sound association, the teacher will introduce a spelling activity. They will dictate a series of words in English, and students will have to spell the words, identifying the correct letter for each sound.

   3.2. This activity can be done in pairs or groups to encourage collaboration and discussion among students. The teacher can also provide immediate feedback and correct pronunciation if necessary.

4. Pronunciation Activity (3 - 5 minutes):

   4.1. To conclude the Development part, the teacher will introduce a pronunciation activity. They will dictate a series of sounds in English, and students will have to pronounce each sound correctly.

   4.2. This activity can be done in pairs or groups so that students can help and correct each other. The teacher should walk around the room, listening to students' pronunciation and providing individual feedback.

   4.3. To make this activity more playful, the teacher can turn it into a "pronunciation contest," where students earn points for correctly pronouncing the sounds.

Return (8 - 10 minutes)

1. Group Discussion (3 - 4 minutes):

   1.1. The teacher should organize a group discussion with all students. They can start by asking each student to share the alphabet letter they found most challenging and why.

   1.2. Then, they can ask students to share the strategies they used to associate the letters with their corresponding sounds.

   1.3. The teacher should encourage students to listen to each other and respond to the ideas and experiences shared by their peers.

2. Connection to Theory (2 - 3 minutes):

   2.1. The teacher should then make a connection between the practical activities carried out and the theory discussed during the lesson.

   2.2. For example, they can highlight how the sound association activity helped students understand that English letters can have different sounds in different words.

   2.3. They can also mention how the spelling activity reinforced the relationship between letters and sounds in the context of writing in English.

3. Individual Reflection (2 - 3 minutes):

   3.1. The teacher should then ask students to reflect individually on what they learned in the lesson.

   3.2. They can ask questions like:

   3.2.1. "What was the most important concept you learned today?"
   3.2.2. "What questions have not been answered for you yet?"
   

   3.3. Students should have a moment to think about these questions and write down their answers.

   3.4. The teacher can encourage students to share their answers with the class if they feel comfortable, or to keep their reflections to review before the next lesson.

4. Feedback and Closure (1 minute):

   4.1. To conclude the lesson, the teacher should thank the students for their participation and effort.

   4.2. They should also ask for feedback from students about the lesson, asking what they liked most and what they would like to see more of in future lessons.

   4.3. The teacher should remind students to review the lesson material at home, practicing the pronunciation of sounds and the association of letters and sounds.

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Summary and Recapitulation (2 - 3 minutes):

   1.1. The teacher should start the Conclusion by summarizing the main points of the lesson. They should remind students of the importance of recognizing the letters of the English alphabet, associating them with their corresponding sounds, and practicing correct pronunciation.

   1.2. They should also reinforce that for the acquisition of English as a second language, it is crucial to understand that the pronunciation of letters in English can vary depending on the word, and that there are sounds in English that do not exist in other languages.

   1.3. The teacher can do this through a quick review of the sounds and letters learned, using flashcards or a whiteboard.

2. Connection between Theory, Practice, and Applications (1 - 2 minutes):

   2.1. The teacher should then explain how the lesson connected theory, practice, and applications. They can mention how the sound association, spelling, and pronunciation activities allowed students to apply the theory learned in a practical and contextualized way.

   2.2. They should emphasize that continuous practice is essential for acquiring pronunciation and reading skills in English.

3. Extra Materials (1 minute):

   3.1. The teacher can suggest some extra materials for students to deepen their understanding of the subject. These may include online videos, interactive games, language learning apps, and English pronunciation websites.

   3.2. They can also recommend that students practice at home by reading aloud, watching TV shows or movies in English, and trying to repeat sounds and words.

4. Importance of the Subject (1 - 2 minutes):

   4.1. To conclude the lesson, the teacher should highlight the importance of the subject learned. They can explain that mastering the English alphabet and sounds is fundamental not only for reading and writing but also for effective communication in English.

   4.2. They should emphasize that with practice and persistence, students will be able to use the English alphabet and sounds naturally and confidently, thus improving their listening and speaking skills in English.