Rencana Pelajaran | Pembelajaran Sosioemosional | Verbs: Past Participle

Tujuan

Durasi: 10 to 15 minutes

In this stage of the Socioemotional Lesson Plan, we aim to prepare learners for the lesson by clearly outlining our objectives. This is crucial for building a solid foundation for learning, linking cognitive goals with socioemotional skills to create a more holistic and effective learning environment.

Tujuan Utama

1. Help learners identify and use past participles correctly in Spanish.

2. Encourage self-awareness and reflection among students by acknowledging their emotions during the learning process.

3. Foster responsible decision-making and appropriate emotional expression during group work.

Pendahuluan

Durasi: 15 to 20 minutes

Kegiatan Pemanasan Emosional

Guided Meditation for Focus

We will start off with a Guided Meditation. This practice involves following a sequence of instructions to achieve relaxation and mental focus. It aids students in developing focus and presence, setting the emotional tone for our lesson.

1. Invite students to sit comfortably with their feet flat on the ground and hands resting on their laps.

2. Instruct learners to close their eyes and concentrate on their breathing — taking deep breaths in through the nose and out through the mouth.

3. Begin guiding them gently, prompting them to visualise a calm and soothing place, like a beach or a flower garden.

4. Encourage them to scan their bodies for tension, starting from their feet and moving up to their heads, relaxing each part progressively.

5. After a few minutes of relaxation, invite students to focus on their emotions, acknowledging any feelings without judgement.

6. Encourage learners to visualize releasing any tension or negative emotions with every exhale.

7. After around 5 to 10 minutes, guide them to slowly open their eyes and return to the classroom, while retaining a sense of tranquillity and focus.

Kontekstualisasi Konten

The past participle is a verb form commonly used in everyday conversation, often without us even realising it. For instance, when we say 'he comido' (I have eaten) or 'hemos estudiado' (we have studied), we're using verbs in their past participle form. This form is essential for forming compound tenses and effective communication in Spanish.

Additionally, as students learn the past participle, they have a chance to reflect on their own educational journeys. Just as past participles indicate completed actions, learners can think about their learning experiences as an ongoing process of completion and reflection. This focus on self-awareness and emotional regulation is vital for both personal growth and academic success.

Pengembangan

Durasi: 60 to 75 minutes

Panduan Teori

Durasi: 20 to 25 minutes

1. ### Main Components of the Past Participle in Spanish

2. 1. Definition: The past participle refers to a verb form that signifies a completed action. In Spanish, it's frequently used to create compound tenses, like the perfect tense.

3. 2. Formation of the Past Participle: The formation relies on the verb conjugations:

4. Regular verbs: For verbs ending in '-ar', the ending changes to '-ado' (e.g., hablar -> hablado). For those ending in '-er' and '-ir', the ending turns into '-ido' (e.g., comer -> comido; vivir -> vivido).

5. Irregular verbs: Some verbs have unique past participle forms, such as 'abrir' (abierto), 'escribir' (escrito), and 'poner' (puesto), among others.

6. 3. Use of the Past Participle: It's employed in various grammatical constructions, including:

7. Compound Tenses: Such as in the 'pretérito perfecto' (e.g., 'he hablado', 'has comido').

8. Passive Voice: Used with the verb 'ser' to form passives (e.g., 'La carta fue escrita por Juan').

9. Adjectives: Can act as adjectives (e.g., 'una puerta cerrada').

10. 4. Practical Examples: Use clear examples to illustrate the past participle’s application:

11. Regular verbs: 'He terminado el trabajo' (I have finished the work).

12. Irregular verbs: 'Hemos visto esa película' (We have seen that movie).

13. 5. Analogies and Comparisons: Draw comparisons with Portuguese to assist understanding:

14. Portuguese: 'Eu tenho comido' is comparable to 'Yo he comido' in Spanish.

Kegiatan dengan Umpan Balik Sosioemosional

Durasi: 30 to 35 minutes

Group Activity on Identifying and Using the Past Participle

In this session, learners will collaborate in groups to identify and accurately use past participles in given contextual sentences. There will also be a reflection on how to be aware of and manage their emotions during the learning process.

1. Divide the class into small groups of 4 to 5 students.

2. Provide a list of sentences in Spanish with blanks for them to fill in with the correct past participle.

3. Encourage discussion within groups to reach a consensus on the answers.

4. After completing the task, each group will present their answers to the class, explaining their reasoning.

5. During this activity, motivate students to recognise their emotions (like frustration, confidence, or doubt) and discuss how they dealt with those feelings within the group.

6. Stress the importance of expressing emotions appropriately and managing any negative feelings that arise during the task.

Diskusi dan Umpan Balik Kelompok

After the activity, facilitate a group discussion using the RULER method. Ask students to recognise the emotions they experienced during the task, both positive and negative. Understand the reasons behind those feelings while discussing how the group dynamics influenced them. Label the emotions accurately to aid communication and understanding among peers.

Then, prompt learners to express how they managed these feelings during group work, focusing on effective strategies. Lastly, brainstorm ways to regulate those emotions successfully in future tasks, thus encouraging a more constructive and inviting learning atmosphere.

This approach not only reinforces grammatical skills but also cultivates essential socioemotional abilities, preparing students to face challenges in a more balanced and aware manner.

Kesimpulan

Durasi: 15 to 20 minutes

Refleksi dan Regulasi Emosional

Encourage students to write a short paragraph or take part in a group discussion about the challenges they faced during the lesson and their emotional management strategies. Prompt them to reflect on moments of frustration, anxiety, confidence, or satisfaction, and how those emotions impacted their performance and interactions with others. Invite them to share methods they employed to handle these emotions and how they might refine those strategies in the future.

Tujuan: This activity aims to promote self-assessment and emotional regulation among students, highlighting effective ways of coping with challenging situations. Through reflecting on their emotional experiences, learners develop better self-awareness, aiding in establishing a resilient and collaborative learning culture.

Pandangan ke Masa Depan

To wrap up the lesson, prompt students to set personal and academic goals related to their understanding of past participles in Spanish. These goals can focus on enhancing their use of this verb form in written tasks, engaging in more grammar drills, or applying what they've learned in everyday conversations. Encourage them to note these goals in a journal or share with the class, reinforcing their commitment to progress.

Penetapan Tujuan:

1. Boost accuracy in using the past participle in written tasks.

2. Practice grammar exercises aimed at strengthening their grasp of the past participle.

3. Utilise their understanding of the past participle in daily conversations to enhance fluency.

4. Continuously reflect on progress and adapt study approaches when needed.

5. Collaborate with peers to share feedback and deepen understanding of the material. Tujuan: The goal here is to foster student independence and practical application of their knowledge, aiming for continuous academic and personal improvement. By setting clear and attainable goals, students become more responsible for their own learning and motivated to use the acquired knowledge effectively.