Objectives (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Understanding the concept of nomadism: Students should be able to understand what nomadism is and how the first human communities were formed by groups that constantly moved in search of food, water, and shelter.

2. Identification of nomadism characteristics: Students should be able to identify the main characteristics of the nomadic way of life, such as dependence on nature, the absence of fixed housing, and the production of simple tools and utensils.

3. Recognition of the importance of nomadism for human evolution: Students should be able to recognize the importance of nomadism as a fundamental stage in human evolution, which allowed the development of essential skills for survival and the beginning of social organization.

Introduction (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Recalling Previous Content: The teacher starts the lesson by asking students to remember what they learned about life in caves and the discovery of fire, two fundamental concepts for understanding nomadism. This can be done through direct questions or a brief memory game.

2. Problem Situations: The teacher presents two problem situations that will be explored during the lesson. The first involves the idea of having to move constantly to get food, water, and shelter. The second involves the need to carry everything they own, without the possibility of having a fixed home. These situations aim to arouse students' interest and prepare them for the lesson topic.

3. Contextualization: The teacher explains that the problem situations presented are similar to those faced by the first human communities during the nomadic period. He emphasizes that, at that time, humans had not yet discovered agriculture and animal husbandry, and therefore had to constantly move in search of resources.

4. Capturing Students' Attention: The teacher introduces the lesson topic by sharing two curiosities: the first is that during nomadism, humans were already able to create tools and utensils, such as spears and needles, which were essential for their survival. The second is that, although they did not have fixed homes, the first communities were already able to create art, such as cave paintings, which are now considered important historical records.

5. Presentation of the Topic: Finally, the teacher presents the lesson topic: 'Today we will learn about nomadism and how the first human communities lived. We will understand why they had to move constantly and how this contributed to the evolution of humanity.'

With these steps, students will be prepared to receive the lesson content in an interesting and engaging way.

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Recognizing Nomadism (5 - 7 minutes)

   1.1. The teacher should first explain that nomadism was a lifestyle adopted by the first human communities, who constantly moved in search of resources to survive, such as food, water, and shelter.

   1.2. He should then make a comparison with current life, reinforcing that, at that time, humans did not have the same conveniences we have today, such as supermarkets, houses, and running water.

   1.3. Finally, the teacher should show students images and/or videos representing the nomadic way of life and encourage them to ask questions and express their curiosities on the subject.

2. Characteristics of Nomadism (5 - 7 minutes)

   2.1. The teacher should explain that during nomadism, the first human communities did not have fixed dwellings, living in tents or temporary shelters made of materials available in nature.

   2.2. He should also emphasize that these communities directly depended on natural resources, such as hunting, fishing, and gathering fruits and roots, and that when these resources ran out in a certain location, they needed to move to another region.

   2.3. Finally, the teacher should explain that due to the need to move frequently, these communities could not carry many belongings, producing simple tools and utensils made of stone, bone, wood, and clay.

3. Importance of Nomadism for Human Evolution (5 - 7 minutes)

   3.1. The teacher should emphasize that nomadism was an important stage in human evolution because during this period, the first communities developed essential skills for their survival, such as tool and utensil making and hunting and gathering techniques.

   3.2. He should also explain that even without a fixed home, these communities were already able to create art, such as cave paintings, which are considered important historical records.

   3.3. Finally, the teacher should highlight that over time, the first communities discovered and developed agricultural and animal husbandry techniques, which allowed them to settle in one location, giving rise to the first civilizations.

With these steps, students should be able to understand what nomadism is, what its characteristics are, and why it was important for human evolution. Additionally, they will have a clearer view of what life was like in the first human communities.

Return (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Group Discussion (5 - 7 minutes)

   1.1. The teacher should gather all students in a circle and propose a group discussion. He can start by asking what each student found most interesting and surprising about nomadism and the first communities.

   1.2. The teacher should allow students to share their answers and encourage them to explain why they made their choices. This helps promote oral expression, active listening, and respect for others' opinions.

   1.3. During the discussion, the teacher should ask questions that stimulate students to reflect on what they have learned. Some suggested questions are: 'How do you think you would have felt if you had to live as nomads?', 'What do you think was most difficult for the first communities: finding food, water, or shelter?' and 'Why do you think the first communities started making paintings on cave walls?'.

2. Connection with Theory (3 - 5 minutes)

   2.1. After the discussion, the teacher should revisit the problem situations presented at the beginning of the lesson. He should ask students if they can now better understand why the first communities had to move constantly and why they could not carry many belongings.

   2.2. The teacher should also ask students if they can now better understand why nomadism was an important stage in human evolution. For example, he can ask: 'Do you think the first communities would have been able to settle in one location if they had not developed hunting, gathering, and tool-making techniques?'.

3. Final Reflection (2 - 3 minutes)

   3.1. To conclude the lesson, the teacher should propose that students reflect on what they have learned. This can be done through two simple questions: 'What did you find most interesting about nomadism and the first communities?' and 'How can what you learned today be useful or relevant to your lives?'.

   3.2. The teacher should give students time to think about the questions and then ask them to share their answers. This helps consolidate learning and promote self-assessment.

With these steps, students will have the opportunity to reflect on what they have learned, connect the lesson content with real situations, and express their opinions and feelings. This helps make learning more meaningful and enjoyable.

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Summary of Contents (2 - 3 minutes)

   1.1. The teacher should start the conclusion by briefly recalling the main points covered during the lesson. He should recap that nomadism was a lifestyle adopted by the first human communities, who constantly moved in search of resources to survive.

   1.2. He should also highlight the main characteristics of nomadism, such as the absence of fixed housing, dependence on nature, and the production of simple tools and utensils.

   1.3. Finally, the teacher should reaffirm the importance of nomadism for human evolution, explaining that during this period, the first communities developed essential skills for their survival and the beginning of social organization.

2. Connection between Theory and Practice (1 - 2 minutes)

   2.1. The teacher should explain to students that during the lesson, they had the opportunity to learn about nomadism not only through theory but also through practical activities, such as group discussion and final reflection.

   2.2. He should emphasize that these activities helped make learning more meaningful, allowing students to apply the concepts learned to real situations and reflect on the importance of these concepts for their lives.

3. Suggestions for Extra Materials (1 - 2 minutes)

   3.1. The teacher should suggest some extra materials for students who wish to deepen their knowledge about nomadism and the first communities. These materials may include books, documentaries, educational games, and reliable websites.

   3.2. He should emphasize that these materials are only suggestions and that students are not required to use them. However, if they choose to explore these materials, they can expand their understanding of the lesson topic and enrich their learning.

4. Importance of the Topic for Everyday Life (1 minute)

   4.1. Finally, the teacher should explain to students why it is important to learn about nomadism and the first communities, even though these events occurred thousands of years ago.

   4.2. He should emphasize that by understanding how our ancestors lived, we can better appreciate the achievements and challenges of modern life. Additionally, by learning about the difficulties the first communities faced, we can develop greater empathy and respect for other cultures and peoples.

With this final stage, the teacher reinforces the main points of the lesson, promotes the connection between theory and practice, and encourages students to continue learning about the lesson topic. Furthermore, he helps students understand the importance of what they have learned for their daily lives.