(Originais Teachy 2024) - Question Medium of Mathematics

During an interdisciplinary class that addressed notions of statistics and geography, 7th-grade students were challenged to plan a survey to determine the most used means of transportation by the inhabitants of their city on the daily route from home to school. Considering the acquired knowledge about census and sample surveys, the students thought about conducting an exhaustive count in a total of 40 blocks in a central region of the city, where both low-income families, who usually use public transportation, and high-income families, who tend to use private vehicles, reside. Based on the study's guidelines, the students decided that the survey should be representative and capable of offering results that could be generalized to the entire population of the city without the need to cover all its inhabitants. In this scenario, which type of survey (census or sample) should the students choose to achieve their objectives and why?