(Originais Teachy 2023) - Question Easy of Geography

The concept of geographic space is important for understanding how people interact with their environment. This space is composed of three main elements: nature, culture, and technology. What are the factors that influence the construction of geographic space?

Eastern Europe is a region marked by a complex intersection of ethnic, cultural, and religious factors that often manifest in territorial disputes and sometimes armed conflicts. Historian Timothy Snyder, in his book 'Bloodlands: Europe Between Hitler and Stalin,' reinforces the idea that 'Eastern Europe is a land of uncertain borders, where changes in international power often meant changes in the identities of those living in these borders.' Based on this perspective, analyze and discuss: 1) How can transformations in political and international power trigger significant changes in the ethnic and cultural dynamics of Eastern Europe and, consequently, conflicts of identity and territory? 2) Evaluate how historical tensions and legacies of totalitarian regimes, such as those of Hitler and Stalin, continue to influence interethnic relations and geopolitical stability in the region.

NATO, a military alliance created in 1949, has played an important role in combating international terrorism since the attacks of September 11, 2001. It uses cartographic, graphic, and iconographic languages to plan operations, monitor movements, and inform the population. The main forms of violence related to terrorism include suicide attacks, kidnappings, explosive attacks, and cyber attacks, with varied causes such as poverty, social exclusion, religious and political radicalization. NATO proposes mechanisms such as direct military actions, cooperation between intelligence agencies, training of local security forces, and prevention and deradicalization programs. NATO's relations with counterterrorism are relevant in political, social, environmental, economic, and cultural aspects, promoting security, stability, and cooperation among different cultures and religions in the contemporary world.