(Originais Teachy 2023) - Question Medium of Physics

In ancient Egypt, the four seasons of the year were based on the annual cycle of the Nile River, which was essential for agriculture. The Egyptians recognized the arrival of summer by the rising of the star Sirius in the sky just before dawn, which occurred around the summer solstice, marking the beginning of the flooding of the Nile River. Suppose you are an ancient Egyptian trying to understand the relationship between the position of the Sun, the star Sirius, and the seasons of the year. (a) Why does the position of the Sun in the sky vary throughout the year due to the tilt of the Earth's axis and its orbit? (b) How could the observation of the rising of the star Sirius help you predict the arrival of summer and, consequently, the flooding of the Nile River? (c) Based on the observation of celestial bodies, think about the consequences of this for agriculture, crops, and how it shaped your calendar of annual events.