(Originais Teachy 2023) - Question Medium of Physics

A glass prism is used in a laboratory experiment to separate the colors that make up white light. The prism is in the shape of an equilateral triangle with sides of length 10 cm and a refractive index of 1.5. A monochromatic light beam is incident on the prism and emerges with an angular deviation. For this experiment, consider that the light beam hits the first face of the prism at a 45º angle. (a) Calculate the angle of refraction on the first face of the prism, applying Snell's Law; (b) Determine the angle of incidence of the light beam on the second face of the prism as it passes through it; (c) Using the information obtained in the previous steps, calculate the total angular deviation of the light beam passing through the prism.

An airplane initially flies north at a speed of 200 km/h. Due to a wind blowing from east to west, the airplane ends up deviating to the northeast, following a trajectory that forms a 45-degree angle with the north direction and covering a distance of 300 km from the starting point. Determine, using vector concepts, the speed of the airplane relative to the ground, considering the effect of the wind. Consider that the wind speed is constant and equal to 50 km/h, and that the wind direction is perpendicular to the initial direction of the airplane.

Explain what a thermodynamic cycle is and present four examples. Then, solve a problem involving a simple thermodynamic cycle with calculations of exchanged heat, internal energy, and work done.