(Originais Teachy 2023) - Question Medium of Physics

João is helping his father fill the home pool, which is rectangular and has the following dimensions: 8 meters in length, 4 meters in width, and 1.5 meters in depth. They are using a hose with a constant flow rate of 20 liters per minute. Considering that the pool was completely empty and there was no water wastage in the process, answer: (a) What is the total volume of the pool in liters? (b) How long, in hours, will it take to completely fill the pool with the hose? (c) If the water in the pool had the mentioned constant flow rate, but drained through an opening of the same size as the hose, how long would it take for the pool to completely empty?

Explain the concept of entropy and how it is related to the second law of thermodynamics. Give an example of a process that increases the entropy of a system and another example of a process that decreases the entropy. Then, calculate the entropy change of a system that undergoes a change from a gaseous to a liquid state at constant temperature.

Explain what a thermodynamic cycle is and present four examples. Then, solve a problem involving a simple thermodynamic cycle with calculations of exchanged heat, internal energy, and work done.