(Originais Teachy 2023) - Question Medium of Physics

A student is observing an object through a converging lens with a focal length of 10 cm. The object is located 40 cm away from the lens. (Consider that the thin lens approximation is valid). Based on this information: 1) Calculate the position of the image formed by the lens. 2) Determine the size of the image relative to the size of the object, knowing that the lens obeys the Gauss equation (1/f = 1/p + 1/p'), where f is the focal distance of the lens, p is the distance from the object to the lens, and p' is the distance from the image to the lens, all measured in cm. Consider that the coordinate system used has its origin at the lens's optical center, with the main axis oriented positively to the right, and that real images have a positive sign and virtual images have a negative sign.

João is helping his father fill the home pool, which is rectangular and has the following dimensions: 8 meters in length, 4 meters in width, and 1.5 meters in depth. They are using a hose with a constant flow rate of 20 liters per minute. Considering that the pool was completely empty and there was no water wastage in the process, answer: (a) What is the total volume of the pool in liters? (b) How long, in hours, will it take to completely fill the pool with the hose? (c) If the water in the pool had the mentioned constant flow rate, but drained through an opening of the same size as the hose, how long would it take for the pool to completely empty?

A glass prism is used in a laboratory experiment to separate the colors that make up white light. The prism is in the shape of an equilateral triangle with sides of length 10 cm and a refractive index of 1.5. A monochromatic light beam is incident on the prism and emerges with an angular deviation. For this experiment, consider that the light beam hits the first face of the prism at a 45º angle. (a) Calculate the angle of refraction on the first face of the prism, applying Snell's Law; (b) Determine the angle of incidence of the light beam on the second face of the prism as it passes through it; (c) Using the information obtained in the previous steps, calculate the total angular deviation of the light beam passing through the prism.