(Originais Teachy 2023) - Question Medium of Philosophy

In the work 'Nicomachean Ethics', Aristotle discusses ethics as the investigation of character dispositions that lead to the flourishing of human life in society. In a passage, he states: 'Ethics is not a theory, but a practice. We do not seek just to understand what virtue is, but we strive to become good.' Considering the context of ethical debates, especially regarding the formation of values and moral attitudes in contemporary society, evaluate the following hypothetical situation: In a culture where corruption is widely tolerated and even encouraged in various sectors, what ethical strategy could be employed to promote reflection and the adoption of more integral behaviors among individuals, taking into account Aristotle's thoughts on ethical practice and its role in shaping human character?

During Ancient Greece, the philosophical debate on the good, justice, and virtue was fundamental for the organization of the polis, reflecting directly on the political and ethical sphere of society. The thoughts of philosophers such as Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle outlined concepts that still influence contemporary ethics. In 'The Republic,' Plato presents the myth of the 'Ring of Gyges' to discuss the relationship between justice and human behavior when one believes to be free from consequences. Imagine that in a modern society, the politics of a country is marked by a series of corruption scandals that shake the citizens' trust in democratic institutions. A group of Philosophy students, including Mathematics students, seeks to understand how the ethical concepts discussed by Plato can shed light on contemporary governance issues. Considering the described scenario and the myth of the 'Ring of Gyges,' analyze how the application of Mathematics can contribute to the objective evaluation of political actions, discussing the interdisciplinarity between Mathematics and Philosophy from the perspective of democratic ethics.

In the contemporary world, the scientific civilization has caused numerous changes and questions related to the concepts of ethics, freedom, culture, and religion. In this scenario, based on the philosophical knowledge acquired in the classroom and from different sources (texts, documentaries, works of art, and other cultural manifestations), develop an argument about: 1) the relationship between ethics and scientific advances in today's society; 2) the possible impacts of science on the perception of freedom; and 3) the influence of science on the relationship between culture and religion.