(Originais Teachy 2024) - Question Easy of History

Mesopotamia was a fertile region that saw the birth of some of the first organized civilizations in history, such as Sumer, Akkad, Babylon, and Assyria. These civilizations made significant advances in terms of writing, social, political, and religious organization. Among these advances, the institution of written laws stands out, such as the famous Code of Hammurabi, which reflected the complexities of life in society at that time. Considering the historical context of the formation and development of these civilizations, and the importance of laws for social organization, Hammurabi, the king of Babylon, declared in his inscription: '...so that the strong should not harm the weak, so that justice may be done to the orphan and the widow, and so that I could establish justice in the land.' (Code of Hammurabi, Prologue) Based on this quote and your knowledge: 1. Explain the role of writing and codified laws in the consolidation of power and social order in Mesopotamian civilizations. 2. Discuss the relevance of the Code of Hammurabi for understanding the social structure and moral and ethical values of these societies.