(Originais Teachy 2023) - Question Very Easy of History

During the Cold War, the superpowers sought to stand out on the international stage through space exploration and the accumulation of nuclear weapons. The United States' response to the Soviet threat was the implementation of the so-called Containment Policy, which consisted of maintaining a military balance between the two nations to prevent a global nuclear war. What was the main objective of this policy?

During the Late Antiquity period, the Western Roman Empire faced a series of challenges that culminated in its fall, leaving a legacy of conflicts and transformations for the medieval period. Contemporary historians point out that the complex relationship with the barbarian peoples not only reflected the military and economic pressure on the empire but also evidenced the social and cultural transformation that accompanied the expansion of Christianity. In 'The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire,' Edward Gibbon highlights: 'the introduction of Christianity had ambiguous effects on Roman life and was one of the main causes of the Empire's decline.' Considering the presented context and the interdisciplinarity between History and Philosophy, and reflecting on the influence of Christian thought in Western Roman society and the determining factors for the empire's fall, analyze the following excerpt from Saint Augustine, one of the main exponents of Christian thought at the time: 'The City of God must oppose the City of Men, and what is praiseworthy in the city opposes what is condemnable in the City of Men.' Based on Augustinian thought and historical knowledge about the collapse of the Western Roman Empire, discuss how the advancement of Christianity and Augustine's dualistic interpretation contributed to the perception of crisis within Roman society and to the redefinition of cultural and territorial boundaries in the transition period to the Middle Ages.

Imagine you are the leader of a newly discovered island. You need to create rules and structures to organize the lives of the people who will live on this island. Describe what would be the three main rules you would establish and explain why you chose each one. How do you think these rules would help create a 'State' on your island?