(Originais Teachy 2023) - Question Medium of Biology

In a pea crossing experiment, Gregor Mendel observed the independent segregation of two different characteristics of the organism. Based on Mendel's Second Law, known as the Law of Independent Assortment, which of the alternatives below correctly represents the phenotypic ratios observed in a dihybrid cross when the characteristics are controlled by two pairs of alleles?

What happens to the blood after leaving the heart in the double circulation circuits?

In a genetics experiment, a Biology teacher challenged his 3rd-year high school students to analyze a pea plant that exhibits two characteristics: seed color and seed texture. Seed color can be yellow (AA or Aa) or green (aa), and seed texture can be smooth (TT or Tt) or wrinkled (tt). These characteristics are determined by genes on different chromosomes, so they segregate independently, following Mendel's 2nd Law. The teacher challenges the students to determine the expected phenotypic and genotypic ratios in the F2 (second generation) of a cross between two plants that are heterozygous for both characteristics. Additionally, he asks the students to relate the concept of independent assortment to Mendelian inheritance principles. Based on this information: 1. Calculate the expected phenotypic and genotypic ratios in the F2 of the proposed cross. 2. Explain how the independent segregation of alleles for each characteristic relates to Mendel's 2nd Law and how this principle influences the determination of ratios in the F2.