(Originais Teachy 2023) - Question Easy of Biology

During a genetics study in the laboratory, a group of high school students observed samples of cells from a plant. They identified that the cells of the flower calyx were diploid, containing 14 homologous chromosomes. After a process of cell division, they found that the resulting cells contained 7 single chromosomes. Considering this information and the plant's life cycle, discuss: 1) How can meiosis and fertilization explain the difference in the number of chromosomes between the calyx cells and the resulting cells from the observed cell division. 2) How can genetic variation be influenced by the process of independent segregation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis I. Differentiate, based on the provided information, genotype from phenotype and explain the relationship between them in determining the plant's characteristics.