(Originais Teachy 2023) - Question Medium of Biology

From the stimuli sent by the sensory neurons, the central nervous system has as its main function to send information to the brain, which will process this information so that it can be properly responded to by the human body. What is the other main function of this system?

In a genetics experiment, a Biology teacher challenged his 3rd-year high school students to analyze a pea plant that exhibits two characteristics: seed color and seed texture. Seed color can be yellow (AA or Aa) or green (aa), and seed texture can be smooth (TT or Tt) or wrinkled (tt). These characteristics are determined by genes on different chromosomes, so they segregate independently, following Mendel's 2nd Law. The teacher challenges the students to determine the expected phenotypic and genotypic ratios in the F2 (second generation) of a cross between two plants that are heterozygous for both characteristics. Additionally, he asks the students to relate the concept of independent assortment to Mendelian inheritance principles. Based on this information: 1. Calculate the expected phenotypic and genotypic ratios in the F2 of the proposed cross. 2. Explain how the independent segregation of alleles for each characteristic relates to Mendel's 2nd Law and how this principle influences the determination of ratios in the F2.

Proteins are biomolecules of great importance for the functioning of living beings, performing various functions in the body, such as structural, enzymatic, hormonal, among others. Their basic structure is formed by amino acids. Taking this into consideration, which of the following alternatives presents the bond between the amino acids that form a protein?