(Originais Teachy 2023) - Question Medium of Biology

Protozoans are single-celled eukaryotes that can be found in various aquatic and terrestrial environments, and some are known to cause serious diseases in both humans and animals. In a hypothetical scenario, a group of researchers discovered a new species of protozoan in a contaminated water sample. The researchers also found that this species has the ability to photosynthesize and can be classified as an alga as well. Consider the characteristics of this new species and the information about the diseases caused by protozoans, and answer the following questions: 1) Discuss the morphological and physiological features that allow this new species to be classified as both a protozoan and an alga. 2) Propose a potential mechanism by which this species could contribute to the spread of infectious diseases, considering its dual classification and the characteristics of known disease-causing protozoans. Your answer should integrate knowledge of both biology and environmental science, highlighting the interdisciplinary nature of understanding and addressing issues related to infectious diseases and environmental contamination.

In a genetics experiment, a Biology teacher challenged his 3rd-year high school students to analyze a pea plant that exhibits two characteristics: seed color and seed texture. Seed color can be yellow (AA or Aa) or green (aa), and seed texture can be smooth (TT or Tt) or wrinkled (tt). These characteristics are determined by genes on different chromosomes, so they segregate independently, following Mendel's 2nd Law. The teacher challenges the students to determine the expected phenotypic and genotypic ratios in the F2 (second generation) of a cross between two plants that are heterozygous for both characteristics. Additionally, he asks the students to relate the concept of independent assortment to Mendelian inheritance principles. Based on this information: 1. Calculate the expected phenotypic and genotypic ratios in the F2 of the proposed cross. 2. Explain how the independent segregation of alleles for each characteristic relates to Mendel's 2nd Law and how this principle influences the determination of ratios in the F2.

The respiratory system is a set of organs responsible for breathing, which consists of a series of physical and chemical processes. What are the processes involved in this system?