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Question about Everyday Materials Transformations

Subject Sciences

Sciences

Source Originais Teachy

Originais Teachy

Topic Everyday Materials Transformations

Everyday Materials Transformations

Difficulty Medium

Medium

(Originais Teachy 2023) - Question Medium of Sciences

In school, the 4th-grade students were conducting an experiment to understand how different conditions can change the characteristics of a substance. They observed what happened to a piece of butter when placed in the freezer and then in the sun, noting that the butter hardened in the freezer and melted in the sun. Considering this experiment, explain how the state transformations of butter, from solid to liquid and vice versa, are related to the temperature conditions observed in the experiment. Describe what happens at a molecular level when heat is added to the solid and removed from the liquid. (Remember that butter is mainly composed of fats, water, and proteins, and each component has its own melting and boiling temperature.)

The state transformations of butter, from solid to liquid and vice versa, are related to the temperature conditions observed in the experiment. Adding heat to the solid causes the particles to gain energy and move more freely, transforming the butter into a liquid. Removing heat from the liquid causes the particles to lose energy and organize into a more rigid structure, transforming the butter into a solid.

Squeezing the butter forcefully caused the butter particles to gain enough potential energy to overcome the attractive forces between them and change from the liquid state to the solid state.

Releasing the butter from a considerable height caused the particles to gain enough kinetic energy to change from the solid state to the liquid state.

When the butter was heated, the particles lost kinetic energy, reducing their movement and organizing into a more rigid structure, changing from the liquid state to the solid state.

When the butter was placed in the freezer, the elevated temperature caused the particles to lose energy and organize into a more rigid structure, changing from the liquid state to the solid state.

Answer sheet:

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