(Originais Teachy 2024) - Question Medium of History

The beginning of the 7th century was a milestone in the expansion of Islam and the formation of a vast Arab empire that extended beyond the borders of the Arabian Peninsula. Through military conquests, the followers of the Prophet Muhammad spread their faith, culture, and form of governance across vast regions. By examining the image of a world map showing the Islamic expansion from the death of Muhammad (632 AD) to 750 AD. To answer the question, base yourself on the previous reading of texts 'A' and 'B': Text A: 'The expansion of Islam was a phenomenon of multiple dimensions, involving religious, cultural, political, and military aspects. It not only signaled the spread of a new faith but also the propagation of a new way of life and a system of government. The caliphate, as an institution, played a fundamental role in unifying the conquered territories under a single administration.' Text B: 'Islamic expansion brought significant changes to the conquered regions, including the dissemination of scientific advances and the development of a rich artistic and literary tradition. The coexistence of different peoples and religions under Islamic rule, although subject to certain restrictions, stimulated cultural exchange and religious tolerance, resulting in a legacy that transcended geographical boundaries.' Based on the analysis of the provided texts and map, and considering the historical context of Islamic expansion: 1) Explain how Islamic expansion impacted the political and cultural geography of the Arab world in the period covered. 2) Discuss the concept of the caliphate and its role in the administration of the conquered territories.