(Originais Teachy 2024) - Question Hard of History

During the first centuries of the Islamic Era, the Arabs, under the leadership of the Prophet Muhammad and his successors, expanded their territories remarkably, reaching from the Iberian Peninsula in the west to the borders of India in the east. This expansion was both political and cultural, and the development of a rich scientific, philosophical, and artistic tradition at the time of its peak is one of the most significant marks of this civilization. The geography and natural conditions of the conquered territories, as well as the relationships with local peoples, played crucial roles in this process. Based on this context, answer: In what ways did geography and relationships with local peoples influence the expansion of Islam and the spread of Arab culture in the known world of that period?