(Originais Teachy 2024) - Question Medium of History

Ancient Greek civilization, especially Athens and Sparta, is widely recognized as one of the founders of democracy and a central influence in Western culture and philosophy. Considering the geographical location of Greece and the political organization of the city-states, Reflect on the role that the geography and the form of government of the city-states had in the development of democratic ideals and Greek cultural identity. Then, relate the information to the following fragment, attributed to Heraclitus, one of the early pre-Socratic philosophers: 'No man ever steps in the same river twice, for it's not the same river and he's not the same man.' (Heraclitus, c. 535 - c. 475 BC). Based on your knowledge, or additional research, discuss how Heraclitus' philosophical perspective could reflect the changes and evolution seen in the structure and thought of ancient Greek societies.