Objectives (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Introduce students to the definition and use of connectors in the English language.

   • Clarify what connectors are, how they are used, and why they are important for fluency and comprehension of English texts.
   • Introduce different types of connectors (e.g., addition, contrast, cause and effect, etc.) and provide examples of each.

2. Develop skills in identifying connectors in texts.

   • Provide students with various texts (e.g., news articles, book excerpts, dialogues) and guide them to identify the connectors used.
   • Discuss with students how identifying connectors can help understand the structure and flow of a text.

3. Practice using connectors in writing and speaking situations.

   • Encourage students to use connectors in their own sentences and paragraphs, both in writing and speaking.
   • Propose activities where students can use connectors in a practical and contextualized manner, reinforcing the application of the concepts learned.

Introduction (10 - 12 minutes)

1. Review of Previous Content:

   • The teacher should start the lesson by briefly reminding students about the importance of understanding sentence structure in the English language, as connectors are elements that help establish relationships between parts of a sentence or between sentences.

2. Presentation of Problem Situations:

   • The teacher can propose two situations where the proper use of connectors is crucial:
     • The first situation could be a student writing an essay for an English proficiency exam, where clarity and fluency of the text are fundamental.
     • The second situation could be a tourist in an English-speaking country trying to communicate with local residents, where fluency in speech can facilitate communication.

3. Contextualization of the Subject's Importance:

   • The teacher can emphasize that the proper use of connectors is not only important for academic writing but also for everyday communication. Additionally, they can mention that the ability to identify and use connectors correctly can improve text comprehension, fluency in speech, and clarity in writing.

4. Introduction of the Topic in an Engaging Way:

   • The teacher can share two curiosities about connectors:
     • First curiosity: Despite being small, connective words have a significant impact on the meaning of the text. For example, the difference between using 'but' and 'and' in a sentence can completely alter its meaning.
     • Second curiosity: Some connectors are more formal while others are more informal, and the choice of connector can influence the formality of the text. For instance, 'however' is more formal than 'but,' although both indicate contrast.
   • To capture students' attention, the teacher can present a short quiz or game involving the identification and use of connectors.

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Debate Activity: 'The Battle of Connectors' (10 - 12 minutes)

   • In this activity, students will be divided into groups. Each group will receive a list of connectors (e.g., 'and,' 'but,' 'however,' 'therefore,' etc.).
   • The teacher will present a series of sentences without connectors, and the groups will discuss and decide which connector from their list best fits the sentence.
   • To make the activity playful, each correct answer can earn points, and the group with the highest score at the end of the activity will be the winner of 'The Battle of Connectors.'
   • This activity will allow students to practice identifying and using connectors in a playful and collaborative context, motivating participation and engagement from all.

2. Writing Activity: 'Connecting Stories' (10 - 12 minutes)

   • In this activity, students will continue working in groups. Each group will receive a set of cards with English words and phrases. Among these cards, some will be connectors.
   • The challenge will be to create a short story using all the words and phrases from the cards, ensuring that the connectors are used correctly to link the ideas.
   • This activity will allow students to practice using connectors in a writing context, encouraging creativity and critical thinking.
   • At the end of the activity, each group will present their story to the class. The teacher and other groups can ask questions and provide comments, promoting a discussion about the use of connectors in the stories.

3. Speaking Activity: 'The Mysterious Connector' (5 - 8 minutes)

   • In this activity, a student will be chosen to leave the room for a moment. While they are out, the rest of the class will choose a connector.
   • When the student returns to the room, they will have to ask questions to the class, trying to guess the mysterious connector. The answers to the questions must be given using the chosen connector.
   • This activity will allow students to practice using connectors in a speaking context, as well as develop listening and questioning skills. Moreover, the playful nature of the activity will make the practice more engaging and fun.

Return (8 - 10 minutes)

1. Group Discussion (3 - 4 minutes)

   • The teacher should facilitate a group discussion with all students about the solutions or conclusions reached by each group during the activities.
   • Students will be encouraged to share their experiences, difficulties, and successes in using connectors.
   • The purpose of this discussion is to allow students to learn from each other and to observe how different groups may have diverse approaches and interpretations for the same tasks.

2. Connection to Theory (2 - 3 minutes)

   • The teacher should then connect the activities carried out with the theory presented at the beginning of the lesson.
   • Here, the teacher can revisit the definition and examples of connectors presented and explain how they were applied in the writing and speaking activities.
   • At this point, the teacher can also clarify any remaining doubts about the use of connectors in the English language.

3. Individual Reflection (2 - 3 minutes)

   • To conclude the lesson, the teacher should suggest that students reflect for a minute on answers to questions such as:
     1. What was the most important concept learned today?
     2. What questions have not been answered yet?
   • This reflection aims to allow students to review and consolidate what they learned during the lesson, as well as identify any gaps in their understanding that can be addressed in future classes.

4. Feedback and Closure (1 minute)

   • The teacher can end the lesson by asking students to briefly share their reflections.
   • Additionally, the teacher should reinforce the importance of connectors in the English language and encourage students to continue practicing their use outside the classroom.
   • Finally, the teacher should be open to receiving feedback from students about the lesson and the proposed activities, so that adjustments and improvements can be made in future lesson plans.

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Recapitulation of Content (2 - 3 minutes)

   • The teacher should review the main points covered in the lesson, such as the definition of connectors, the different types of connectors, and their functions in the English language.
   • It should be emphasized that connectors are used to link ideas and sentences, providing fluency and clarity to speech or text.
   • The teacher can give a brief summary of the activities 'The Battle of Connectors,' 'Connecting Stories,' and 'The Mysterious Connector,' recalling how they helped students apply the use of connectors in a practical way.

2. Connection of Theory with Practice (1 minute)

   • At this point, the teacher should reinforce that the lesson not only taught about the theory of connectors but also provided the opportunity to practice applying that knowledge through writing and speaking exercises.
   • The teacher can highlight that by combining theory, practice, and application, students were able to better understand the use of connectors and how they are essential for fluency and comprehension of the English language.

3. Suggestions for Extra Materials (1 - 2 minutes)

   • To complement what was taught in the lesson, the teacher can suggest some extra materials for study, such as language learning websites, textbooks, educational videos, and podcasts about the English language.
   • The teacher can provide a list of connectors along with examples of their use in different contexts, so that students can review and practice at home.
   • Additionally, it may be interesting to indicate online multiple-choice or gap-fill exercises, so that students can practice identifying and using connectors autonomously.

4. Importance of the Subject for Everyday Life (1 minute)

   • Finally, the teacher should emphasize the relevance of connectors for students' everyday lives, not only in an academic context but also in daily situations, such as conversations, reading texts, or writing emails.
   • The teacher can reinforce that mastering connectors can improve students' fluency in the English language, facilitate communication in various situations, and enhance the comprehension and interpretation of texts in English.
   • The lesson should conclude by encouraging students to observe the use of connectors in their readings and to apply what they have learned in their writing and speaking practices, making the learning of English more efficient and meaningful.