Objectives (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Understand the characteristics and uses of transportation modes: Students should be able to identify and describe the main characteristics of different transportation modes (road, rail, water, and air), including their infrastructure, means of locomotion, load capacity, speed, and geographic coverage.

2. Analyze the influence of transportation modes on the economy and society: Students should understand how the choice of a transportation mode can impact the economy of a region, as each mode has its advantages and disadvantages in terms of cost, efficiency, and environmental impact. Additionally, they should be able to discuss how transportation infrastructure influences mobility and social development.

3. Review the content on transportation modes interactively: The goal is for students to review the content in a playful and participatory manner, using educational games and group activities to reinforce learning in a pleasant and effective way.

Secondary objectives:

• Encourage discussion and critical thinking: Besides acquiring knowledge about transportation modes, students should be able to apply this knowledge to real-world situations, developing critical thinking and argumentation skills.

• Stimulate research and autonomous study: Students should be encouraged to seek additional information on the topic, whether before, during, or after the class, promoting the development of research and autonomous study skills.

Introduction (10 - 12 minutes)

1. Review of previous content: The teacher should start the class by recalling basic transportation concepts and their importance to society and the economy. It is important for students to understand that transportation is fundamental for the mobility of people and goods, allowing interaction between different regions and countries. The teacher can do this through a brief discussion, asking students for examples of how transportation is used in their daily lives.

2. Presentation of problem situations: The teacher should then present two problem situations involving the choice of a transportation mode. For example:

   • Situation 1: A company needs to transport a large quantity of goods from one city to another. What factors should it consider when choosing the transportation mode?
   • Situation 2: An individual needs to travel from one country to another. What factors should he consider when choosing the transportation mode?

3. Contextualization of the importance of the topic: The teacher should then explain that the choice of transportation mode is not just a practical matter but also has significant economic and social implications. For example, transportation infrastructure can affect a region's competitiveness, the quality of life of its inhabitants, and the environmental impact. The teacher can illustrate this with real examples, such as the influence of highways on the expansion of retail trade or the importance of seaports in the export of agricultural products.

4. Gaining students' attention: To capture students' attention on the topic, the teacher can share curiosities or interesting facts about transportation modes. For example:

   • Curiosity 1: The first large-scale cargo transportation system was the Grand Canal in China, built in the 7th century.
   • Curiosity 2: The Trans-Siberian, the longest railway in the world, is 9,289 km long and takes about 7 days to travel from end to end.
   • Curiosity 3: The largest airport in the world in terms of area is King Fahd International Airport in Saudi Arabia, with over 780 km².

At the end of this stage, students should be prepared to deepen their knowledge about transportation modes and their implications.

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Classification Activity (10 - 12 minutes): The teacher should prepare cards with images and descriptions of different transportation modes (road, rail, water, and air). Students, in groups of up to 5 people, will receive these cards and should classify them according to pre-established criteria, such as speed, load capacity, geographic coverage, environmental impact, among others. This activity allows students to review the characteristics of transportation modes in a playful and interactive way. At the end of the activity, each group should present their classifications and justify their choices.

2. "Product Path" Activity (7 - 10 minutes): The teacher should provide students with a list of products and a list of cities or regions. Students, still in their groups, should choose a product and a city/region and trace the "product path," that is, the route that this product would take from its origin to its destination, considering the different transportation modes. For example, if the chosen product is soy, students should consider that it is usually transported by trucks to a port, from where it is taken by ship to the final destination. This activity allows students to understand practically how different transportation modes are used in the logistics of goods distribution.

3. "People Transport" Activity (5 - 7 minutes): To complement the previous activity, students should now consider the transport of people. The teacher can present a hypothetical situation, such as a group of friends planning a vacation trip to a distant city. Students, in their groups, should discuss and decide which would be the best transportation mode for this trip, considering factors such as cost, travel time, comfort, among others. This activity allows students to apply the acquired knowledge in a practical and contextualized way.

At the end of this stage, students should have reviewed the content on transportation modes interactively and playfully, as well as developed group work, critical thinking, and argumentation skills. They should also have a clearer understanding of how the choice of a transportation mode can impact the economy and society.

Return (8 - 10 minutes)

1. Group Discussion (3 - 4 minutes): The teacher should gather all students and promote a group discussion about the solutions or conclusions found by each group in the previous activities. Each group should have the opportunity to share their ideas and reasoning, while other students are encouraged to ask questions and give feedback. The teacher should moderate the discussion, ensuring that all viewpoints are heard and that the conversation remains focused on the topic.

2. Connection with Theory (2 - 3 minutes): After the discussion, the teacher should make the connection between the practices carried out and the theoretical concepts studied. The teacher can, for example, highlight how the classification activity helped review the characteristics of different transportation modes, or how the "product path" activity practically illustrated the logistics of goods distribution. The goal is for students to perceive the relevance and applicability of what they have learned.

3. Individual Reflection (2 - 3 minutes): The teacher should then propose that students reflect individually on what they have learned. To do this, the teacher can ask questions such as:

   1. What was the most important concept you learned today?
   2. What questions remain unanswered?
   3. How can you apply what you learned in real life? Students should have a minute to think about their answers. The teacher can then ask some students to share their reflections with the class.

4. Feedback and Closure (1 minute): Finally, the teacher should ask for feedback from students about the class. The teacher can ask what students liked the most, what they found most challenging, and what they would like to learn more about. The teacher should thank the students for their participation and close the class.

The Return is a crucial stage of the lesson plan, as it allows the teacher to assess the effectiveness of the class, identify any gaps in students' understanding, and adjust future planning accordingly. Additionally, it promotes students' reflection and self-awareness, encouraging autonomous learning and the application of acquired knowledge.

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Content Summary (2 - 3 minutes): The teacher should recap the main points covered during the class. He can recall the definition and characteristics of each transportation mode (road, rail, water, and air), the importance of choosing the transportation mode and its implications for the economy and society, and how transportation infrastructure influences mobility and social development. The teacher can use a board or slides to present a visual summary of these points, facilitating students' understanding and retention of information.

2. Connection between Theory and Practice (1 - 2 minutes): The teacher should highlight how the class connected theory, practice, and application. He can, for example, mention how the classification, "product path," and "people transport" activities allowed students to apply theoretical concepts in a practical and contextualized way. The teacher can also emphasize how group discussion and individual reflections helped develop students' critical thinking and argumentation.

3. Suggestion of Extra Materials (1 - 2 minutes): The teacher should suggest complementary study materials for students who want to deepen their knowledge on the subject. These materials can include books, articles, documentaries, educational websites, and interactive games about transportation modes. The teacher can, for example, suggest that students watch the documentary "The World's Biggest Ship" to better understand maritime transport, or play the game "Transport Tycoon" to explore the complexities of transportation logistics. The teacher should provide a list of these materials, along with a brief description of each and guidance on how to access them.

4. Relevance of the Subject (1 minute): Finally, the teacher should emphasize the importance of the subject for students' daily lives. He can, for example, explain how the choice of transportation mode affects everyone's life, from the time it takes to get to work or school to the price of the products we buy. The teacher can also mention how transportation infrastructure influences the economic and social development of a region, and how understanding this topic can help students become more informed and conscious citizens.

The Conclusion is an essential stage of the lesson plan, as it allows the teacher to reinforce the main points of the content, make the connection between theory and practice, and motivate students to continue learning about the subject. Additionally, it promotes students' reflection and self-awareness, encouraging autonomous learning and the application of acquired knowledge.