Objectives (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Understand the structure and use of the gerund and infinitive in English: Students should be able to differentiate the structure and use of the gerund and infinitive in sentences, understanding the difference between them and how they apply in different contexts.
2. Apply the acquired knowledge in practice: After the theoretical understanding, students should be able to apply this knowledge in practical exercises, constructing sentences correctly and identifying the correct use of the gerund and infinitive.
3. Develop listening and speaking skills: In addition to written application, students should be able to identify the use of the gerund and infinitive in conversations and speeches, enhancing their listening and speaking skills in English.

Secondary Objectives:

• Encourage active student participation: The teacher should encourage active student participation by asking questions, stimulating discussions, and promoting oral practice.
• Promote student autonomy: The inverted classroom method allows students to learn at their own pace and take responsibility for their own learning.

Introduction (10 - 12 minutes)

1. Recalling necessary content: The teacher starts the lesson by recalling the basic concepts of verbs in English, with an emphasis on the difference between regular and irregular verbs. This review is crucial to ensure that students are prepared to understand and apply the gerund and infinitive. (2 - 3 minutes)

2. Problem situations: The teacher presents two situations that illustrate the importance of the gerund and infinitive in the everyday use of English. For example, they may mention a situation where the incorrect use of these verbs can lead to misunderstandings in a conversation or text. (3 - 4 minutes)

   • Example 1: "Imagine you are describing an action that is happening at the moment to a friend and accidentally use the infinitive instead of the gerund. This can lead to confusion, as the gerund is used to describe ongoing actions."
   • Example 2: "Now, imagine you are reading a news article in English and come across the sentence 'He decided to go shopping after he has finished his work.' You realize the sentence sounds odd, but you can't identify the error. The error lies in the use of the infinitive after 'after,' which should be the gerund 'after he has finished his work.'"

3. Contextualization: The teacher contextualizes the importance of the gerund and infinitive, explaining how these verbs are widely used in different contexts, such as informal conversations, formal texts, songs, movies, among others. Additionally, the teacher can highlight how the correct use of the gerund and infinitive can improve students' fluency and understanding in English. (2 - 3 minutes)

4. Capturing students' attention: To spark students' interest, the teacher can share some curiosities about the gerund and infinitive. (2 - 3 minutes)

   • Curiosity 1: "Did you know that in English, there are some verbs that can only be followed by an infinitive, such as 'want,' 'need,' and 'plan,' while others can only be followed by a gerund, such as 'enjoy,' 'avoid,' and 'finish'?"
   • Curiosity 2: "Have you heard of the 'split infinitive'? It is a grammatical construction where an adverb is inserted between 'to' and the verb in the infinitive. The use of the 'split infinitive' is generally avoided in formal writing, but is common in informal speech and in some contexts, such as in advertisements and movie titles."

The teacher concludes the Introduction, setting the stage for the theory presentation and the execution of practical activities.

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Activity 1 - 'Verb Treasure Hunt' (10 - 12 minutes)

   • Preparation: The teacher prepares cards in advance with English sentences containing verbs in the infinitive and gerund. The sentences should vary in difficulty levels, so that students can progress gradually.
   • Execution: Students, divided into groups, receive a set of cards. They must then categorize the sentences on the cards, separating those containing verbs in the infinitive from those containing verbs in the gerund. The first group to complete the activity correctly wins.
   • Objective: With this activity, students will practice identifying verbs in the infinitive and gerund in various contexts, thus developing the skill of recognizing these verbs.

2. Activity 2 - 'Building Sentences' (10 - 12 minutes)

   • Preparation: The teacher prepares cards in advance with English verbs. The verbs should be both regular and irregular, and each card should indicate whether the verb should be used in the infinitive or gerund.
   • Execution: Each group of students receives a set of cards. They must then build English sentences using the verbs on the cards, respecting the indication of whether the verb should be used in the infinitive or gerund. The teacher should circulate around the room, assisting the groups when necessary and correcting any errors.
   • Objective: With this activity, students will practice constructing English sentences using verbs in the infinitive and gerund, thus consolidating the theoretical knowledge acquired.

3. Activity 3 - 'Story Creation' (5 - 6 minutes)

   • Preparation: The teacher divides the class into groups of three or four students. Each group receives a set of flashcards with images representing actions.
   • Execution: Students, in their groups, must create a short story in English using the images on the flashcards and incorporating the use of verbs in the infinitive and gerund. They should try to use as many verbs in both formats as possible.
   • Objective: With this activity, students will practice applying the gerund and infinitive in a real-world context, thus developing the skill of text production.

At this point, the teacher should ensure that all students are engaged in the activities, circulating around the room to assist and correct. At the end of the activities, the teacher should promote a brief class discussion about the difficulties encountered and the strategies used by students to overcome them. This will strengthen the collaborative learning process and promote reflection on the content studied.

Return (8 - 10 minutes)

1. Group Discussion (3 - 4 minutes):

   • The teacher should ask each group to briefly share their conclusions and solutions found during the activities. Each group will have up to 3 minutes to share their ideas.
   • During the presentations, the teacher should encourage students to explain the reasoning behind their choices and actions, thus promoting reflection and understanding of the content covered.
   • The teacher should ask clear questions to stimulate the participation of all students, such as "Why did you choose to use the gerund and not the infinitive in this sentence?" or "How did you decide that this verb should be used in the infinitive and not in the gerund?"

2. Connection with Theory (2 - 3 minutes):

   • After all presentations, the teacher should review the main conclusions and solutions presented by the students, connecting them with the theory presented at the beginning of the lesson.
   • The teacher should highlight examples of correct use of the gerund and infinitive in the sentences constructed by the students, reinforcing learning and correcting any errors or misunderstandings.
   • The teacher can ask students how the practical activity helped clarify the theory and reinforce the understanding of the use of the gerund and infinitive.

3. Final Reflection (2 - 3 minutes):

   • To conclude the lesson, the teacher should propose that students reflect individually on what they have learned. The teacher can ask questions such as: "What was the most important concept you learned today?" and "What questions have not been answered yet?"
   • Students will have a minute to think and then will be invited to share their answers. This final reflection allows the teacher to assess the effectiveness of the lesson and identify any gaps in students' understanding that need to be addressed in future classes.
   • The teacher should encourage students to be honest in their reflections and to express any difficulties or doubts they may have. This will help create an open and collaborative learning environment.

At the end of the Return, the teacher should summarize the main points covered during the lesson, reinforce the importance of the gerund and infinitive in English, and encourage students to continue practicing the use of these verbs in their English study and communication activities.

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Lesson Summary (2 - 3 minutes):

   • The teacher should start the Conclusion by summarizing the main points covered during the lesson. They should recap the definition of the gerund and infinitive, their structures and uses, and how they differ in English sentences.
   • The teacher can use examples from the practical activities carried out by students to illustrate these points, reinforcing the application of theoretical content in practice.

2. Connection between Theory, Practice, and Applications (1 - 2 minutes):

   • The teacher should explain how the lesson allowed students to connect the theory of the gerund and infinitive with the practice of their use in different contexts.
   • They can highlight how practical activities, such as the 'Verb Treasure Hunt' and 'Building Sentences,' helped students consolidate theoretical knowledge and develop practical skills in applying verbs in English.
   • The teacher should reinforce the importance of understanding the correct use of the gerund and infinitive to avoid communication misunderstandings in English.

3. Extra Materials (1 - 2 minutes):

   • The teacher should suggest extra materials for students who wish to deepen their understanding of the gerund and infinitive. These materials may include English learning websites, educational videos, online exercises, among others.
   • For example, the teacher may recommend the use of language learning apps that offer interactive exercises on English verbs, such as Duolingo and Babbel.
   • Additionally, the teacher may suggest that students practice using the gerund and infinitive in their English reading and writing activities, such as reading texts, writing essays, and translating sentences.

4. Relevance of the Subject (1 minute):

   • In conclusion, the teacher should emphasize the importance of the gerund and infinitive in mastering the English language.
   • They can mention how these verbs are widely used in different contexts of everyday and professional life, such as in informal conversations, formal texts, songs, movies, among others.
   • Additionally, the teacher can highlight how the knowledge and correct use of the gerund and infinitive can improve students' fluency and understanding in English, facilitating effective and accurate communication.

With the Conclusion of the lesson, students should have acquired a solid understanding of the gerund and infinitive in English, being prepared to apply this knowledge in their English study and communication activities.