Objectives (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Understand the concept of electrical circuits, their components, and the importance of each of them to the overall functioning of the circuit.

2. Analyze and interpret the functioning of an electrical circuit, identifying the components required for the flow of electrical current and recognizing the electrical quantities involved (voltage, current, and resistance).

3. Develop practical skills in assembling and measuring simple electrical circuits using didactic materials such as lamps, batteries, conducting wires, and switches.

   • Secondary Objective: Encourage curiosity and critical thinking about the importance of electricity in our daily lives, promoting awareness of the safe and efficient use of electrical energy.

Introduction (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Review of previous content (3 - 5 minutes):

   • The teacher begins the class by recalling the concepts of electricity and electrical current, explaining how electricity flows through a conductor.
   • A quick review is done on what basic electrical components are, such as resistors and capacitors, and their functions in a circuit.
   • The teacher can ask the students quick questions to assess prior understanding and clarify any doubts.

2. Problem situations (3 - 5 minutes):

   • The teacher presents two situations involving electrical circuits. For example, the first situation could be about how a household lamp works, and the second about how a switch turns an electronic device on and off.
   • Students are encouraged to think about what they already know and what questions they have about these situations.

3. Contextualization (2 - 3 minutes):

   • The teacher contextualizes the importance of electricity and electrical circuits in our daily lives, highlighting examples such as the functioning of household appliances, lighting of environments, electric means of transportation, among others.
   • It is explained how understanding electrical circuits is essential for the work of electrical engineers, electronics engineers, and various other areas that deal with electricity.

4. Introduction to the topic (2 - 3 minutes):

   • The teacher introduces the topic of electrical circuits, explaining that they are essential for the functioning of almost all electronic devices we use in our daily lives.
   • He can mention some curiosities, such as the fact that electricity travels around a circuit at a speed very close to the speed of light, or that the first electrical circuits were developed in the 19th century by scientists such as Alessandro Volta and Michael Faraday.
   • To arouse students' interest, the teacher can tell a story or anecdote related to the topic.

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Practical activity 1: Assembly of a simple circuit (10 - 12 minutes)

   • The teacher divides the class into groups of up to 5 students and provides each group with a kit of materials (lamp, batteries, conducting wires, and switches).
   • The students are instructed to assemble a simple circuit that lights the lamp when the switch is turned on. The teacher must guide and assist the groups during the activity.
   • After assembly, students should test the circuit, observing the passage of electrical current and the lighting of the lamp.
   • During the activity, students should be encouraged to discuss and record their observations, making notes on the components used, the order of assembly, and the result obtained.

2. Practical activity 2: Analysis of a complex circuit (10 - 12 minutes)

   • The teacher presents each group with a diagram of a more complex electrical circuit, containing several components (lamps, resistors, switches) and branches.
   • Students must identify and name each component of the circuit, describing its function. They must also predict what would happen to the circuit if one of the components were removed or replaced.
   • The teacher circulates around the room, assisting the groups and clarifying doubts. He can stimulate discussion among students, asking what they think will happen and why.
   • At the end of the activity, each group should present their observations and conclusions to the class.

3. Discussion and conclusions (5 - 10 minutes)

   • After the practical activities have been carried out, the teacher promotes a class discussion, addressing the observations made by the students, the differences between the assembled circuits and the theory presented.
   • The teacher reinforces the key concepts, such as the need for a closed path for the passage of electrical current, the function of each component of the circuit, and the importance of understanding these concepts for the analysis and functioning of electronic devices.
   • The teacher may also briefly introduce the concept of Kirchhoff's laws, explaining that these laws describe the relationship between current, voltage, and resistance in a circuit, and that they are fundamental to the study of more complex electrical circuits.
   • Finally, the teacher recaps the Objectives of the class and asks the students if they were achieved. He also makes himself available to clarify any remaining doubts.

Feedback (8 - 10 minutes)

1. Group discussion (3 - 4 minutes)

   • The teacher promotes a group discussion with all the students, where each group has up to 3 minutes to share their solutions, conclusions, and difficulties encountered during the practical activities.
   • The teacher should encourage the participation of all students, asking direct questions and stimulating the exchange of ideas between the groups.
   • He can also ask questions to provoke students' reflection, such as "Why do you think the lamp did not turn on when you assembled the circuit that way?" or "If we add more batteries to the circuit, what do you think will happen?"

2. Connection with theory (2 - 3 minutes)

   • After the discussion, the teacher makes a brief connection between the practical activities and the theory presented at the beginning of the class.
   • He highlights how the concepts of electrical circuit, electric current, voltage, resistance, and electrical components were used by the students to assemble and analyze the circuits.
   • The teacher also reinforces the importance of critical thinking and experimentation in understanding and learning scientific concepts.

3. Individual reflection (2 - 3 minutes)

   • The teacher proposes that the students do a brief reflection on what they learned in class.
   • He can ask questions like "What was the most important concept you learned today?" and "What questions were not answered?".
   • Students are encouraged to write down their answers in a notebook or notepad, so that they can review them later and identify any gaps in their understanding of the topic.

4. Feedback and closure (1 minute)

   • To close the class, the teacher thanks everyone for their participation, gives general feedback on the class's performance, and emphasizes the importance of continuous study and individual effort for learning.
   • He can also suggest complementary study materials, such as videos, books, or websites, for students who wish to deepen their knowledge of electrical circuits.

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Summary of content (2 - 3 minutes)

   • The teacher begins the Conclusion by recalling the main points covered during the class. He emphasizes the definition of an electrical circuit, its component parts (energy source, conductors, and devices), and their respective functions.
   • The importance of understanding electrical quantities (voltage, current, and resistance) and how they relate to the functioning of a circuit is also reinforced.
   • The teacher may ask a quick question to check the students' assimilation of the concepts.

2. Theory-Practice Connection (1 - 2 minutes)

   • Next, the teacher highlights how the class was able to connect theory to practice, through the activities of assembling and analyzing circuits.
   • He emphasizes how experimentation allowed students to visualize and understand the theoretical concepts presented in a more concrete way, strengthening their learning.

3. Complementary Materials (1 - 2 minutes)

   • The teacher suggests some complementary study materials for students to deepen their knowledge of electrical circuits.
   • These materials can include books, websites, videos, and online simulators, which allow the exploration and practice of the concepts interactively.

4. Relevance of the Subject (1 minute)

   • Finally, the teacher reinforces the importance of studying electrical circuits for understanding and using electricity safely and efficiently in everyday life.
   • He emphasizes how understanding these concepts is essential for various professions and areas of study, such as engineering, physics, electronics, and information technology.
   • The teacher ends the class by reinforcing that the knowledge acquired is not limited to the school environment, but has practical applications in various aspects of daily life.