Objectives (5 - 10 minutes)

1. Understanding the relationship between technology and work: The teacher must ensure that students understand how technology impacts the world of work, both positively and negatively. This includes discussing automation, artificial intelligence, and how these technological changes affect jobs and careers.

2. Analysis of the social impact of automation: Students should be able to analyze how automation and technology affect society as a whole. This may include a discussion on structural unemployment, economic inequality, and changes in labor relations.

3. Developing a critical view on the subject: In addition to understanding the relationship between technology and work, students should be able to develop a critical view on the subject. This involves the ability to question, analyze, and form informed opinions about the social and personal implications of automation.

Secondary objectives:

• Stimulate reflective thinking: The teacher should encourage students to reflect on how technology affects their own lives and careers, as well as society in general.

• Promote active participation: The lesson should be structured to promote active participation from students, encouraging debate and the exchange of ideas.

Introduction (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Review of previous concepts: The teacher should start the lesson by reviewing previously studied concepts that are relevant to the lesson's topic. This may include a review of the concept of work, the evolution of technology over time, and the impact of technology on society. This review should be brief and focused, serving only to remind students and prepare them for the new content.

2. Problem situations: The teacher can present two problem situations to students to arouse interest and curiosity about the lesson's topic. For example:

   • "Imagine you are the manager of a factory and have the option to replace most of your workers with highly efficient robots. What would be the advantages and disadvantages of this decision?"
   • "Think about how technology has changed the way we work and relate to work. How can automation and artificial intelligence affect your future career?"

3. Contextualization: Next, the teacher should contextualize the importance of the topic, explaining how the relationship between technology and work has a direct impact on students' lives. This may include discussions about future careers, the labor market, and the need to adapt to change.

4. Introduction to the topic: To capture students' attention, the teacher can share some curiosities or stories related to the topic. For example:

   • "Did you know that the first steam engine, invented during the Industrial Revolution, was called the 'jobs destroyer' because it replaced many manual workers?"
   • "Did you know that automation is becoming so advanced that there are now robots capable of writing news and books, with quality comparable to humans?"

5. Lesson objectives: Finally, the teacher should present the lesson objectives, explaining what students should be able to do or understand by the end of the lesson. This will help students orient themselves during the lesson and understand the relevance of the topics discussed.

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Simulation Activity: 'The Factory of the Future' (10 - 15 minutes)

   • Context: The teacher proposes to students the situation of being managers of a factory of the future, where most workers are highly efficient robots. The factory is highly profitable, but the local community is suffering from high unemployment rates due to automation.
   • Task: In groups, students must discuss the situation and develop a proposal for action that takes into account both the maintenance of the factory's profitability and the well-being of the local community.
   • Resources: The teacher can provide supporting materials, such as news articles about similar situations, to assist students in their discussions.
   • Presentation and Discussion: Each group must present their proposal to the class, followed by a collective discussion on the different approaches and perspectives.

2. Debate Activity: 'The Future of Work' (10 minutes)

   • Context: The teacher presents students with different perspectives on the future of work, including the optimistic view that automation will free humans from monotonous tasks and allow them to focus on more creative and meaningful work, and the pessimistic view that automation will lead to high levels of unemployment and greater economic inequality.
   • Task: In groups, students must choose one of the perspectives and prepare arguments to support it. They must also consider possible counterarguments and how they could respond to them.
   • Resources: The teacher can provide articles, videos, and other supporting materials that present different perspectives on the topic.
   • Debate: Each group must present their arguments and respond to the counterarguments presented by other groups. The teacher should act as a moderator, ensuring that all students have the opportunity to participate and that the debate occurs in a respectful and constructive manner.

3. Reflection Activity: 'The Role of Technology in Our Lives' (5 - 10 minutes)

   • Context: The teacher proposes to students to reflect on how technology affects their own lives and careers. They must consider both the positive and negative aspects, and how they could prepare for an increasingly technological future.
   • Task: Students must write on a piece of paper a sentence that answers the question: 'What is the biggest challenge that technology presents for the future of work and how can I prepare for it?'
   • Discussion: The teacher can choose some answers to share with the class and start a discussion about the ideas presented. This activity serves to end the lesson reflectively and allow students to express which concepts were most significant to them.

Return (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Group Discussion (5 - 7 minutes)

   • Sharing Solutions: The teacher must ask each group to briefly share the solutions or conclusions they reached during the simulation activity 'The Factory of the Future' and the debate 'The Future of Work'. Each group will have a maximum of 3 minutes to present their ideas, ensuring that everyone has the opportunity to speak.
   • Connection with Theory: While groups share, the teacher should ask questions to help connect students' ideas with the theory discussed in the lesson. For example, 'How did automation affect income distribution in your proposal for the 'Factory of the Future'?' or 'How do the arguments you presented in the debate relate to the different views on the future of work we discussed in the lesson?'.

2. Individual Reflection (3 - 5 minutes)

   • Moment to Think: After the group discussion, the teacher should propose that students reflect individually for a minute on the following questions:
     1. 'What was the most important concept learned today?'
     2. 'What questions have not been answered yet?'
   • Sharing Reflections: After the minute of reflection, the teacher should ask some students to share their answers with the class. This can be done voluntarily or the teacher can select some students to share their reflections.
   • Teacher's Feedback: The teacher should pay attention to students' reflections and, if necessary, clarify concepts or answer unanswered questions. The goal is to ensure that students have a clear understanding of the concepts discussed during the lesson.

3. Lesson Conclusion (2 - 3 minutes)

   • Summary of the Lesson: The teacher should give a brief summary of the main points discussed during the lesson, reinforcing key concepts and the topic's importance.
   • Connection with Everyday Life: The teacher should explain how the lesson's topic connects with students' everyday situations. For example, 'Did you notice how automation and artificial intelligence are increasingly present in our lives, from customer service chatbots to autonomous cars? This shows how important it is for us to understand how these technologies affect the world of work and society in general.'.
   • Homework Assignment: Finally, the teacher should propose a homework assignment that reinforces the concepts learned during the lesson. This may include reading an article, preparing a short essay, or researching a related topic. The teacher should clearly explain what is expected from students and when the assignment should be submitted.

Conclusion (5 - 10 minutes)

1. Summary and Recapitulation (2 - 3 minutes)

   • The teacher should start the Conclusion by recalling the main points discussed during the lesson. This includes the relationship between technology and work, the social impact of automation, and the need to develop a critical view on the subject. The teacher can do this interactively, asking students to share what they considered the most important points of the lesson.

2. Connection of Theory, Practice, and Applications (1 - 2 minutes)

   • Next, the teacher should explain how the lesson connected theory, practice, and applications. For example, the teacher can mention how the simulation activity 'The Factory of the Future' allowed students to apply the discussed theory and understand the practical implications of automation. The debate, in turn, allowed students to explore different perspectives and develop argumentation and critical thinking skills.

3. Extra Materials (1 minute)

   • The teacher should then suggest some extra materials for students who wish to deepen their understanding of the topic. This may include books, articles, documentaries, podcasts, or specialized websites. The teacher should provide a brief description of each resource and explain how it relates to the lesson's topic.

4. Importance of the Topic (1 - 2 minutes)

   • Finally, the teacher should emphasize the importance of the lesson's topic for students' lives. The teacher can highlight how understanding the relationship between technology and work can help students prepare for the future of work, make informed decisions about their careers, and become more conscious and active citizens. The teacher can also mention concrete examples of how automation is already affecting the current labor market, to show students that this is a relevant and current topic.

5. Closure (1 minute)

   • The teacher should end the lesson by thanking the students for their participation and reinforcing the importance of engagement and curiosity for learning. The teacher should also remind students of the homework assignment and any relevant information for the next lesson.