Rencana Pelajaran | Pembelajaran Sosioemosional | Verbs: Simple Past and Present Perfect

Tujuan

Durasi: 15 - 20 minutes

The intent of this stage is to introduce the lesson topic and clarify learning expectations. This helps students understand the significance of distinguishing between the simple past and the present perfect. Additionally, this phase serves to develop socio-emotional skills by fostering awareness and regulation of emotions while tackling new and challenging concepts.

Tujuan Utama

1. Identify the differences between the simple past and the present perfect in English.

2. Compose sentences using verbs in both the present perfect and simple past accurately.

Pendahuluan

Durasi: 15 - 20 minutes

Kegiatan Pemanasan Emosional

Guided Meditation for Focus and Concentration

The suggested emotional warm-up activity is Guided Meditation. This exercise assists students in focusing on the present moment, aiding relaxation and mental readiness for the class. By concentrating on their breathing and calming mental images, students can alleviate anxiety and sharpen their focus, creating a more conducive learning environment.

1. Preparing the Environment: Have students sit comfortably in their chairs, feet flat on the floor, and hands on their thighs. Ask them to either close their eyes or fix their gaze on a point in the room.

2. Beginning the Meditation: Begin guiding students with deep breaths, inhaling through the nose and exhaling through the mouth several times, encouraging them to pay attention to their breath.

3. Guided Visualization: Invite students to envision a calm, safe space where they feel at ease, whether that be a beach, a forest, or anywhere else that brings them peace.

4. Focus on Breathing: Encourage students to continue their deep breathing, focusing on the sensation of air filling and leaving their lungs. With each exhale, they should release any tension they may be experiencing.

5. Gradual Closing: After a few minutes, gently lead students back to the present by asking them to move their fingers and toes slowly. Have them open their eyes and stretch softly.

6. Quick Reflection: Prompt students to share how they felt during meditation and if they noticed any shifts in their concentration or relaxation.

Kontekstualisasi Konten

Understanding the difference between the simple past and the present perfect in English goes beyond grammar. Think of it like telling a story about a fantastic experience you had (simple past) and how that experience still impacts your life today (present perfect). For instance, 'I went to Paris in 2010' (simple past) compared to 'I have been to Paris several times' (present perfect). These distinctions allow us to express life experiences in more vibrant and meaningful ways. Moreover, grasping and accurately utilizing these verb tenses can improve interpersonal communication and fortify both writing and speaking skills in English.

Pengembangan

Durasi: 60 - 75 minutes

Panduan Teori

Durasi: 20 - 25 minutes

1. Definition of Simple Past and Present Perfect: The Simple Past denotes actions that started and finished in the past. Example: 'She visited London last year.' Meanwhile, the Present Perfect describes actions that began in the past and continue into the present, or are relevant now. Example: 'She has visited London numerous times.'

2. Forming the Simple Past: Regular verbs typically take an '-ed' ending to form the Simple Past. For example, 'walk' becomes 'walked'. Irregular verbs have their own unique forms, such as 'go' which is 'went'.

3. Forming the Present Perfect: The Present Perfect is constructed with the auxiliary verb 'have/has' plus the past participle of the main verb. Example: 'They have finished their homework.'

4. Using the Simple Past: The Simple Past is applied to actions that were completed at a specific time in the past. Example: 'I watched that movie yesterday.'

5. Using the Present Perfect: The Present Perfect is used for events that started in the past and continue or have repercussions in the present. Example: 'I have lived here for five years.'

6. Difference Between Simple Past and Present Perfect: The Simple Past highlights 'when' an action took place, while the Present Perfect emphasizes 'what' and 'how' the action relates to the present. For instance, 'I visited France in 2019.' (Simple Past) contrasts with 'I have visited France multiple times.' (Present Perfect)

7. Analogies and Additional Examples: Think of the Simple Past like a photo album filled with specific past moments, while the Present Perfect represents a collection of memories that continue to shape the present. Example: 'She made dinner last night.' vs. 'She has made dinner.'

Kegiatan dengan Umpan Balik Sosioemosional

Durasi: 35 - 45 minutes

Life Stories: Simple Past and Present Perfect

In this activity, students will create a personal narrative using both verb tenses (Simple Past and Present Perfect). The aim is to recount a story about something that occurred in the past and how that event still has an impact on their lives today.

1. Introduction to the Activity: Explain to students that they will narrate their own experiences, incorporating both Simple Past and Present Perfect.

2. Group Division: Split the class into small groups of 3 to 4 students to promote collaboration.

3. Developing the Story: Have each group select a member to share a personal experience. The story should include at least three sentences in the Simple Past and three in the Present Perfect.

4. Writing the Narrative: Each group should cohesively write their story, ensuring proper use of both verb tenses.

5. Presentation: Ask each group to present their story to the class.

6. Reflection: After all presentations, invite groups to reflect on their feelings while sharing their stories and discuss the emotional significance of the experiences recounted.

Diskusi dan Umpan Balik Kelompok

To integrate the RULER method into the group discussion, start by asking students to recognize the emotions conveyed in the stories. For example: 'What emotions did you perceive in the stories shared?' Next, help them understand the reasons behind those emotions: 'What made this experience meaningful to you? How does it resonate in your current life?' Prompt students to name those emotions using precise vocabulary to articulate how they feel. Encourage them to express their sentiments in appropriate ways, whether through discussing their experiences or actively listening to their peers' narratives. Finally, talk about strategies to regulate these emotions, offering methods for managing complex feelings in a constructive manner.

Kesimpulan

Durasi: 15 - 20 minutes

Refleksi dan Regulasi Emosional

Ask students to write a paragraph about the challenges they faced during the lesson and how they managed their emotions when grappling with the differences between the simple past and the present perfect. Alternatively, guide a group discussion where each student can share their experiences and emotional strategies for dealing with difficulties.

Tujuan: The goal of this activity is to promote self-assessment and emotional regulation among students. By reflecting on the challenges encountered and emotions experienced, students can pinpoint effective strategies for managing complex situations. This fosters emotional intelligence and nurtures a more conscious and collaborative learning atmosphere.

Pandangan ke Masa Depan

Encourage students to set personal and academic goals related to the lesson's content. Each student should identify a specific goal aimed at enhancing their usage of English verb tenses, alongside a personal goal that allows for practical application of their learning in daily life. Encourage students to share these goals in small groups, thereby cultivating a sense of accountability and support.

Penetapan Tujuan:

1. Enhance understanding and application of the present perfect and simple past in English.

2. Utilize knowledge of verb tenses in everyday conversations.

3. Enhance writing skills by crafting narratives that correctly utilize verb tenses.

4. Practice self-reflection and emotional regulation in challenging learning experiences. Tujuan: The aim of this section is to bolster students' independence and practical implementation of their knowledge. By establishing personal and academic goals, students are motivated to further develop their English skills and apply the knowledge they have gained in real-world contexts. This encourages sustained progress in their academic and personal growth, readying them for future hurdles.