Objectives (5 - 7 minutes)

• The teacher will begin the lesson by reiterating the importance of understanding language and its components, such as vocabulary, grammar, and style. This will serve as a reminder of the connection between language and effective communication, which is the ultimate goal in learning English.

• The teacher will introduce the learning objectives for the lesson, which are:

  1. To understand the importance of a wide-ranging vocabulary and how it impacts effective communication.
  2. To comprehend and apply the rules of grammar in written and spoken English.
  3. To recognize and use different styles of language for different purposes and contexts.

• The teacher will also outline the secondary objectives for the lesson, which are:

  1. To develop students' critical thinking and problem-solving skills through language analysis.
  2. To enhance students' creativity and expressiveness in English.
  3. To foster a positive attitude towards learning and using the English language.

• The teacher will explain that the lesson will be conducted in a flipped classroom style, where students will be required to study the lesson material at home and come prepared to apply their knowledge in class. The teacher will emphasize that active participation in class activities is crucial for achieving the lesson objectives.

Introduction (8 - 10 minutes)

• The teacher will begin by recalling previous lessons on the English language, focusing on the importance of vocabulary, grammar, and style in effective communication. This will serve as a foundation for the new concepts to be introduced in the current lesson. The teacher will use a quick review activity, such as a short quiz or a brainstorming session, to engage students and refresh their memory.

• The teacher will then present two problem situations to the class that will serve as starters for the development of the theory. These situations can be:

  1. "Imagine you are writing a formal email to your school principal about a concern you have. What kind of language would you use? How would you structure your sentences?"
  2. "You are creating a social media post to promote an event happening in your school. What kind of language would you use to engage your peers? How would you present the information?"

• The teacher will contextualize the importance of the subject by explaining how a good understanding of language can benefit students not only in their academic life but also in their future professional careers. The teacher can use real-life examples, such as the importance of clear communication in job interviews, or the necessity of using appropriate language in written reports or presentations.

• To grab students' attention and spark their interest in the topic, the teacher will share two intriguing facts or stories related to the English language. These could be:

  1. "Did you know that the English language is considered one of the richest languages in terms of vocabulary? It is estimated that English has over a million words, and more words are added every year!"
  2. "Have you ever wondered why English grammar can be so complicated? Well, one reason is that English is a combination of several different languages, including Latin, German, and French, which is why it has borrowed so many words and grammar rules from these languages."

• The teacher will then explain that the class will use a flipped classroom approach for this lesson. The teacher will provide the necessary materials for home study, and the students will be responsible for learning the new concepts at home. In the classroom, they will apply their knowledge through various engaging activities and exercises.

Development

Pre-Class Activities (7 - 10 minutes)

• The teacher assigns two videos for the students to watch at home. The first video provides a comprehensive overview of the importance of vocabulary, grammar, and style in the English language, while the second video delves deeper into each of these components, providing examples and explanations. The videos are engaging and visually stimulating, to keep the students' attention. The links to the videos are shared on the school's learning management system or sent via email to the students. After watching the videos, the students are required to take notes on the key points presented.

• The teacher also assigns an online quiz for the students to assess their understanding of the videos. The quiz consists of multiple-choice questions related to the content of the videos. This will help the teacher gauge the students' comprehension of the material and identify any areas that may need to be reinforced in the classroom.

In-Class Activities (15 - 18 minutes)

Activity 1: "Contextual Usage" (8 - 10 minutes)

• The teacher divides the students into groups of four. Each group is given a set of cards. Each card contains a sentence that is either grammatically incorrect, stylistically inappropriate, or uses a word in the wrong context.

• The groups' task is to identify the error on each card, correct it, and explain why it was incorrect or inappropriate. They must use the concepts learned at home to justify their corrections.

• After all the cards have been corrected, each group presents one of their cards to the class. They show the original sentence, the corrected version, and explain the mistake.

• This activity encourages students to apply their knowledge of vocabulary, grammar, and style in a practical context. It also promotes teamwork and presentation skills.

Activity 2: "Language Detective" (7 - 8 minutes)

• The teacher prepares a set of short texts, such as newspaper articles, blog posts, or excerpts from books. Each text contains examples of good and bad usage of vocabulary, grammar, and style.

• The students, still in their groups, become "language detectives." Their task is to read the texts, identify the good and bad examples, and explain why they are correct or incorrect based on the language concepts they have learned.

• After the students finish, the teacher facilitates a class discussion. Each group shares one good and one bad example they found, and the class discusses and debates the correctness of these examples.

• This activity promotes critical thinking, reading comprehension, and the ability to apply language knowledge in a real-world context.

• At the end of the activities, the teacher summarizes the key learning points, addressing any common difficulties or misunderstandings that emerged. This recap will help consolidate the students' understanding of the topic and prepare them for the assessment stage of the lesson.

Feedback (5 - 7 minutes)

• The teacher will start the feedback session by facilitating a class discussion. Each group will be given up to 2 minutes to share their solutions or conclusions from the "Contextual Usage" and "Language Detective" activities. This will allow the students to learn from each other and understand different approaches to the same task.

• The teacher will then highlight the connections between the activities and the theory studied at home. For example, the teacher may point out how the correct usage of vocabulary, grammar, and style in the activities was based on the concepts learned from the videos. This will help students understand the practical application of the theoretical knowledge they have acquired.

• The teacher will then assess the students' learning from the activities and the theory. This can be done through a quick formative assessment, such as asking students to write down one thing they learned from the lesson or one question they still have. This will give the teacher an immediate understanding of the students' grasp of the topic and any areas that may need to be revisited in future lessons.

• The teacher will also take this opportunity to provide constructive feedback on the students' performance in the activities. This feedback can be in the form of praise for correct answers or well-reasoned arguments, and gentle guidance for areas that need improvement. The teacher will ensure that the feedback is specific, clear, and actionable, so that students can use it to improve their understanding and application of the language concepts.

• Finally, the teacher will encourage the students to reflect on their learning. The teacher can ask reflective questions such as:

  1. "What was the most important concept you learned today?"
  2. "Which activity challenged you the most, and why?"
  3. "What questions do you still have about vocabulary, grammar, or style?"

• The students will be given a few minutes to think about these questions and write down their reflections. This will help them consolidate their learning and identify any areas of confusion or curiosity that they can bring up in the next lesson.

• The teacher will collect these reflections and use them to guide the planning of future lessons, ensuring that the students' needs and interests are addressed.

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

• The teacher will begin the conclusion by summarizing the main points of the lesson. This includes the importance of vocabulary, grammar, and style in effective communication, and how these components are interconnected in the English language. The teacher will also recap the key learning points from the activities, such as the correct usage of language in different contexts, and the ability to analyze and critique language use.

• The teacher will then explain how the lesson connected theory, practice, and real-world applications. The teacher will highlight how the students learned the theoretical concepts at home through the videos, practiced applying these concepts in the classroom activities, and saw the real-world relevance of these concepts through the problem situations presented at the beginning of the lesson. The teacher will emphasize that this learning process is a reflection of the flipped classroom methodology, where students are active participants in their learning journey.

• The teacher will suggest additional materials for the students to deepen their understanding of the English language. These could include online resources for vocabulary building, grammar exercises, and style guides. The teacher may also recommend reading books, watching movies or TV shows, or listening to podcasts in English, as these can provide a rich and varied exposure to the language.

• Lastly, the teacher will explain the importance of the English language in everyday life and future careers. The teacher will emphasize that English is a global language, spoken by millions of people around the world, and is therefore a valuable skill in today's interconnected world. The teacher will also mention that a good command of English can open up many educational and professional opportunities, as it is often a requirement in universities and job applications. The teacher will conclude by encouraging the students to continue practicing and improving their English language skills, not only for academic purposes but also for personal growth and global communication.

• The teacher will end the lesson by thanking the students for their active participation and reminding them of the next lesson's topic. This will help to maintain a positive and engaging learning environment.