Rencana Pelajaran | Metodologi Aktif | Organic Functions: Amide

Prinsip: Rencana Pelajaran Aktif ini mengasumsikan: durasi kelas 100 menit, studi sebelumnya oleh siswa baik dengan Buku maupun awal pengembangan Proyek dan bahwa hanya satu kegiatan (di antara tiga yang disarankan) akan dipilih untuk dilaksanakan selama kelas, karena setiap kegiatan dirancang untuk mengambil sebagian besar waktu yang tersedia.

Tujuan

Durasi: (5 - 10 minutes)

Establishing clear objectives is key to helping both students and the teacher concentrate on the most important aspects of the lesson. By making expectations explicit, students can better relate their prior knowledge to classroom activities. This also forms the basis for assessing learning at the end of the session.

Tujuan Utama:

1. Help students grasp the structure of amides and how they form through the reaction of a carboxylic acid with an amine.

2. Enable students to identify the properties and characteristics of amides, underscoring their significance and practical uses.

Tujuan Tambahan:

1. Encourage critical thinking by having students link amides to other organic compounds they've studied.

Pengantar

Durasi: (15 - 20 minutes)

The introduction aims to engage students and connect the earlier theoretical content with practical, real-life situations, enhancing the relevance of the topic. Problem-based scenarios invite students to apply their knowledge thoughtfully and creatively, preparing them for hands-on activities. Contextualising amides emphasises their importance in the real world, inspiring students to see how classroom learning applies beyond school.

Situasi Berbasis Masalah

1. Picture yourself as a chemist contracted by a cosmetics firm to develop a new moisturizing cream. How can the structure and qualities of amides be utilised in crafting a product that enhances absorption and the effectiveness of the active ingredient?

2. Imagine this scenario: a pharmaceutical lab is looking for more stable alternatives for a new drug intended for the human body. How can we alter the molecular structure of amides to achieve this stability?

Kontekstualisasi

Amides play a crucial role in various everyday products, including medications, plastics, and food items. For instance, saccharin, an artificial sweetener, is an amide stemming from sulfanilic acid. Moreover, understanding amide structure and reactivity is vital for producing polymers like nylon, which find use in clothing, carpets, and even robust industrial applications.

Pengembangan

Durasi: (75 - 80 minutes)

The development section aims to enable students to practically and creatively apply the concept of amides. Through engaging and challenging activities, they can delve into amide properties in real and simulated situations, enhancing comprehension and retention of knowledge. Each activity targets specific skills such as investigation, design, and synthesis, as well as fostering teamwork and effective communication.

Saran Kegiatan

Disarankan hanya satu dari kegiatan yang disarankan yang dilaksanakan

Kegiatan 1 - Mystery of the Missing Perfumes

> Durasi: (60 - 70 minutes)

- Tujuan: Apply knowledge of amide properties and structure to tackle a practical scent restoration problem, honing investigative and experimental skills.

- Deskripsi: Students become chemical detectives tasked with resolving the mystery of some missing perfumes. They will receive various perfume samples that appear to have lost their scent. The challenge is to identify which samples contain amides, recreate ideal storage conditions, and leverage their knowledge of amide properties to restore the original scent.

- Instruksi:

• Divide the class into groups of up to 5 students.

• Distribute the perfume samples and necessary lab materials.

• Each group should examine the samples to ascertain if they contain amides, using suitable chemical tests.

• Groups need to identify which samples contain amides and formulate a plan to restore the scent.

• Carry out the proposed experiments and compare them with the original scent, documenting the results and process.

Kegiatan 2 - Smart Fabric Builders

> Durasi: (60 - 70 minutes)

- Tujuan: Explore the practical applications of amides in the textile industry, building design skills and applying scientific knowledge in materials engineering.

- Deskripsi: In this activity, students are challenged to design a smart fabric that can adjust its air permeability while still providing thermal insulation. Using polymers that incorporate amides, they will create fabric samples and test them under varying temperature and humidity conditions.

- Instruksi:

• Organise the class into groups of up to 5 students.

• Provide necessary materials for fabric creation.

• Instruct students to design the fabric with the structure and properties of amides in mind.

• Groups will produce the fabric samples in accordance with their design.

• Conduct tests on permeability, strength, and thermal insulation on the created samples.

Kegiatan 3 - Chemical Chef: Creating Artificial Scents

> Durasi: (60 - 70 minutes)

- Tujuan: Utilise theoretical knowledge of amide properties and reactivity in practical chemical synthesis, developing formulation and evaluation skills of chemical products.

- Deskripsi: Taking on the role of chemical chefs, students will use their skills to create artificial scents using amides. Their task is to formulate a scent suitable for food products or perfumes, considering factors like stability and scent intensity.

- Instruksi:

• Divide the class into groups of up to 5 students.

• Provide necessary reagents and lab materials.

• Instruct each group to plan how to synthesise the scent with the structure and properties of amides in mind.

• Groups are to carry out the synthesis and test the resulting scent.

• Evaluate and compare results, discussing best practices and challenges faced.

Umpan Balik

Durasi: (15 - 20 minutes)

This stage aims to consolidate student learning by allowing them to articulate and reflect on what they’ve learned during practical activities. Class discussions enhance communication and argumentation skills and provide an opportunity for students to assess their understanding as well as that of their peers. This feedback moment also serves as an informal assessment, giving the teacher insight into student comprehension and engagement.

Diskusi Kelompok

After the practical activities, gather all students for a class discussion. Start by asking each group to share their most surprising findings and the challenges they encountered. Encourage students to discuss how their theoretical understanding of amides aided in solving the problems posed. Prompt reflection on potential extensions or applications of what they've learned in other contexts.

Pertanyaan Kunci

1. What were the primary challenges when applying your theoretical knowledge of amides in the practical activities?

2. How can the properties of amides observed during these activities be applied in other areas of chemistry or daily technologies?

3. Was there any unexpected finding during the activities that shifted your view of amides?

Kesimpulan

Durasi: (5 - 10 minutes)

This conclusion stage is aimed at consolidating learning, ensuring that students have grasped the lesson's essential concepts. Additionally, it strives to reinforce the link between theory and practice, highlighting the applicability of their newfound knowledge in everyday situations and real industries. This stage also aims to motivate students to keep exploring organic chemistry in a variety of contexts.

Ringkasan

In concluding the lesson, the teacher should summarise and recap the major points discussed about amides. It's important to underscore their molecular structure, how they're formed through the reaction of carboxylic acids and amines, and their physical and chemical properties, like solubility, reactivity, and practical significance.

Koneksi Teori

Today’s lesson was designed to effectively link theory with practice. Activities such as 'Mystery of the Missing Perfumes' and 'Smart Fabric Builders' allowed students to apply theoretical knowledge of amides in simulated contexts, reinforcing their learning and showcasing the relevance of studying amides in real and industrial scenarios.

Penutupan

Finally, the teacher should stress the importance of amides in daily life, such as in pharmaceutical products, cosmetics, and textiles, encouraging students to continue exploring and questioning how principles studied in organic chemistry manifest in the real world.