Objectives (5 - 10 minutes)

1. Familiarize students with the main parts of plants (Root, Stem, Leaf, Flower, Fruit, and Seed) through images and real examples.

2. Explain the functions of each part of the plant and its importance for the plant's organism.

3. Provide practical experiences that allow students to observe, touch, and analyze different types of plants, reinforcing their understanding of the topic.

These objectives are essential to start the study on the parts of plants and their functions. During this stage, the teacher should present the parts of plants in a playful and interesting way, using illustrative images and real examples. The idea is to arouse students' curiosity and motivate them to learn more about the topic. In addition, the performance of practical activities is fundamental for students to perceive the differences between the parts of plants and understand their functions.

Introduction (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Reviewing the contents: The teacher should start the lesson by reminding students of the basic biology concepts already studied, such as the importance of nature, the different types of plants, and their importance for life on Earth. The teacher can ask interactive questions to engage students and assess their prior knowledge.

2. Problem Situations: The teacher will present two situations to arouse students' interest.

   • The first situation: 'Imagine you are a small bird that needs to build a nest. In which part of the plant would you build your nest? Why?'
   • The second situation: 'Imagine you are a bee looking for nectar. Which part of the plant would you visit? Why?'

3. Contextualization: The teacher should explain that understanding the parts of plants and their functions is essential to comprehend how life on Earth works. For example, without roots, plants would not be able to obtain water and nutrients from the soil. Without leaves, they could not perform photosynthesis and produce their own food. And without flowers, fruits, and seeds, plants would not be able to reproduce and give rise to new plants.

4. Introduction to the topic: The teacher should introduce the topic of the lesson in an engaging way.

   • Curiosity 1: 'Did you know that trees are the largest plants on the planet? Some can grow over 100 meters tall! And all of this is possible thanks to their roots, which keep them firmly in the ground, and their stem, which transports water and nutrients from their roots to their leaves.'
   • Curiosity 2: 'Have you ever noticed the flowers of a plant? They are not there just to make the plant beautiful. Flowers play a very important role in the reproduction of plants. They attract insects, such as bees, which help transfer pollen from one flower to another, allowing plants to produce fruits and seeds.'

In this phase, the teacher must ensure that all content is presented in a playful and engaging manner, using examples and situations that are in line with students' reality. The goal is to make them feel motivated to learn and explore more about the parts of plants and their functions.

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

During this stage, children should work in groups to carry out one of the following activities, according to the teacher's choice.

1. Modeling Activity: For this activity, the teacher should provide materials such as modeling clay in different colors, toothpicks, and sheets of paper.

   • Step by Step:
     1. Divide the class into groups of 4 or 5 students.
     2. Each group will be assigned a different plant and must use the clay to model each part of the plant.
     3. With the help of toothpicks, they will attach the modeled parts of the plant in clay to a sheet of paper, and if they want, they can draw the background of the figure.
     4. In the end, each group will have to describe each part of the plant and present to their classmates what their functions are.
     5. This activity is excellent for stimulating students' creativity and reinforcing the concepts learned about the parts of plants and their functions.

2. Plant Parts Card Game: This playful activity aims to help students memorize the parts of plants and their functions.

   • Step by Step:
     1. Divide the class into groups. Students receive a set of cards. Each card will have the image of a part of the plant and its respective function.
     2. The teacher should say the name of a part of the plant or its function.
     3. Students must look for the card in their hands that corresponds to the description given by the teacher.
     4. The group that finds the correct card first earns a point.
     5. The activity continues until all cards are used.
     6. At the end of the activity, the group with the most points is the winner.

3. Plant Hunt in the Schoolyard: This practical activity allows students to explore the school environment while reinforcing their knowledge about the parts of plants.

   • Step by Step:
     1. The teacher divides the class into groups.
     2. Each group receives a map of the schoolyard and a list of the parts of plants to be found.
     3. Students must explore the schoolyard to find the parts of plants indicated on the list.
     4. Students should also record their findings, describing the part of the plant found and explaining its function.
     5. At the end of the activity, the group that finds the most parts of plants from the list is the winner.

It is worth mentioning that, during the development, the teacher must be attentive to guide and assist children when necessary, always encouraging them to discover the answers to their questions by themselves. It is important that, at the end of the activities, the teacher promotes a collective conversation, reviewing the main concepts learned and clarifying any doubts that may have arisen.

Return (5 - 10 minutes)

1. Group Discussion: The teacher should gather all students in a circle and encourage an open discussion about each group's discoveries. Each group will have the opportunity to share their solutions and conclusions, providing an exchange of experiences and learnings.

   • Step by Step:
     1. Each group will present the result of the activity they carried out, explaining what they discovered about the parts of plants and their functions.
     2. Other students will have the chance to ask questions or comment on their classmates' discoveries.
     3. The teacher should moderate the discussion, ensuring that everyone has the chance to speak and that the conversation remains respectful and focused on the lesson topic.

2. Connection with Theory: After the group discussion, the teacher should summarize the main ideas of the lesson and link them to the discoveries made by students during the practical activities.

   • Step by Step:
     1. The teacher will summarize the main ideas discussed during the lesson and the discoveries made by students.
     2. Then, the teacher will connect these ideas and discoveries with the theoretical concepts presented at the beginning of the lesson.
     3. The goal is to show students how theory and practice complement each other, reinforcing their understanding of the parts of plants and their functions.

3. Reflection on Learning: To conclude the lesson, the teacher should propose a moment of individual reflection. Each student will have one minute to think about what they learned in today's lesson.

   • Step by Step:
     1. The teacher should ask two simple questions to guide students' reflection:
        • 'Which part of the plant did you find most interesting and why?'
        • 'How can what you learned today help you better understand the world around you?'
     2. After a minute of reflection, students will have the option to share their answers with the class.
     3. The teacher should encourage students to reflect on their own learning, helping them realize the value and relevance of what they are learning.

The return is a fundamental stage to consolidate students' learning and end the lesson in a positive and reflective way. By promoting group discussion, the teacher allows students to share their learnings and discoveries, reinforcing everyone's understanding of the lesson topic. By connecting theory to practice, the teacher helps students realize the relevance of what they are learning. And by promoting reflection on learning, the teacher encourages students to become active and conscious learners, capable of evaluating their own progress and appreciating the value of knowledge.

Conclusion (5 - 10 minutes)

1. Lesson Summary: The teacher will conclude the lesson by summarizing the main points discussed. They will recap the parts of plants (Root, Stem, Leaf, Flower, Fruit, and Seed) and their functions, reinforcing the importance of each for the survival and reproduction of plants.

   • Step by Step:
     1. The teacher asks students if they can remember the parts of the plant and their functions.
     2. They then reinforce the most important points, providing a clear and concise summary of the lesson content.
     3. The teacher can also ask students to share their most interesting discoveries and observations made during the practical activities.

2. Connection between Theory and Practice: The teacher will explain how the lesson connected theory (plant biology concepts) with practice (hands-on activities), providing students with a more integrated and applied understanding of the parts of plants and their functions.

   • Step by Step:
     1. The teacher will highlight how the practical activities helped illustrate the theoretical concepts discussed in the lesson.
     2. They will also connect the results of the practical activities to real life, showing how knowledge about plants can be useful and relevant to students.

3. Suggestions for Further Study: To complement students' learning, the teacher can suggest some extra materials on the lesson topic.

   • Step by Step:
     1. The teacher can recommend books, educational websites, documentaries, or interactive apps on botany for students to explore at home.
     2. They can also propose an extra challenge: students can try to identify the parts of plants in their homes or nearby parks and record their findings in a field journal.

4. Importance of the Subject: To conclude, the teacher should emphasize the importance of plants and botany for life on Earth and for students' daily lives.

   • Step by Step:
     1. The teacher can mention how knowledge about plants can help appreciate nature, take better care of the environment, and even cultivate plants at home or in the school garden.
     2. The teacher can also show how the study of plants is essential for many professions, such as gardeners, farmers, biologists, ecologists, among others.

The conclusion is an essential stage to effectively end the lesson, consolidating students' learning and encouraging them to continue exploring the topic at home. By summarizing the main points discussed, connecting theory to practice, suggesting extra materials, and highlighting the importance of the subject, the teacher helps students see the value and relevance of what they have learned, motivating them to continue learning and exploring the world around them.