Introduction

Relevance of the theme

Hello, young explorers of the past! Have you ever stopped to think about how cities, countries, and even the rules we follow in our daily lives are organized? This is where a very important subject comes in: the Notion of State. This theme is like a big puzzle that helps us understand how people come together to live in community, make laws, and decide who will be the leader. Just imagine a soccer match without rules or a leader to organize, it would be a big mess! That's how the State is, it keeps everything in order. Studying about the State is essential because it's like learning about the rules of the game of life in society, and you will be the players!

Contextualization

Dear knowledge adventurers, the theme of the Notion of State fits into the treasure map of our History discipline as a key piece. We are traveling through time, discovering ancient civilizations, sailing through the oceans of great discoveries, and now we are building our own nation of wisdom. The State is like a big ship sailing through the seas of history, and understanding how it works helps us comprehend how people in the past and present organize themselves and make decisions. It is present in everything, from the laws that our friends and family follow to the stories of the kings and queens we have studied. Knowing about the State is like having the compass that guides us on the journey of learning how we live together!

Theory

Examples and cases

Let's start our adventure by understanding the State with a well-known example: school! School is like a small State where there are rules to keep everything running smoothly. The principal would be like the president, making important decisions. The teachers are like ministers who help maintain order and keep knowledge flowing. And we, the students, are like the citizens, who follow the rules and also have the chance to give opinions. Now, imagine if there were no rules in school. It would be a big mess, right? Just like in school, in a country, we also need organization so that everyone can live well together.

Components

What is the State?

The State is like a big house where everyone in this 'family' follows certain rules to live well. These rules are the laws that help maintain order. The State is also responsible for doing important things, like ensuring there are schools, hospitals, roads, and security. For this, there are people who work for the State and are chosen to take care of specific areas, such as education or health. These people are like the adults in our house who ensure that everything is in order and that we are happy and healthy.

How does the State work?

The State operates through three main parts: the Executive, the Legislative, and the Judiciary. The Executive is the one who 'executes' the actions, that is, makes things happen. It's like the captain of the ship who makes decisions so that it sails well. The Legislative is the one who 'legislates', or creates laws, like inventors who design the rules of the game. The Judiciary ensures that the laws are respected, like the referee of a game who keeps an eye on everyone playing fair.

Citizens and Power

In the State, everyone living in it is called citizens. Citizens have power, as they can choose who the leaders will be and help decide the rules. It's like in a team, where everyone has a voice to suggest strategies and help the team win. Citizens also have responsibilities, such as following the laws and taking care of the place where they live. This means that the State is not only made up of leaders and rules, but of all the people living in it who want it to be a good place for everyone.

Deepening the theme

Now, it's time to understand more about how the State is maintained and what it does for the citizens. For example, the State ensures that we have roads to travel on and parks to play in. But where does the money come from for all this? A significant part comes from taxes, which are like a contribution that adults pay so that the State can do these good things. Also, the State ensures that everyone has equal rights, such as the right to learn in school and to be well treated in a hospital. It's a great teamwork to create a happy and safe home for everyone.

Key terms

State: An organization of a country that creates laws and ensures that people live well together. Executive: Part of the State that makes decisions and makes things happen. Legislative: Part of the State that creates laws, the country's rules. Judiciary: Part of the State that ensures that laws are followed and respected. Citizens: All people living in the State who have the power to choose leaders and help decide the rules. Taxes: Money that adults pay to help the State do good things for everyone.

Practice

Reflection on the theme

Have you ever thought about what it would be like to live in a place where there is no State organizing things? How would it be if each person decided to do as they pleased without any rules or order? It would be very difficult to have schools, hospitals, or parks to play in. That's why the State is very important, it helps make people's lives better and fairer. Now, let's use our imagination to reflect a little more on this. How do you think daily life would be without traffic lights on the streets? And if there were no doctors or teachers to help when needed? Reflecting on these situations helps us understand how essential the State is in our lives.

Introductory exercises

Draw a city and mark the places that the State helps to exist, such as schools and hospitals.

List three rules that you think are most important in your school and explain why they are necessary.

Imagine that you are a leader in the State. What would you do to ensure that children have a safe and fun place to play?

Create a poster showing what you can do to be a good citizen in your community.

Projects and Research

Project: 'My Little State' - Create in a group a model of an 'ideal State', where you can choose where schools, hospitals, parks, and other important buildings will be located. Research different services that the State offers and decide which ones cannot be missing in the model. Then, present to the class how it would be to live in this dream State and what would be the main rules to keep everything running smoothly.

Expanding

Did you know that States were not always organized the way we know them today? In ancient times, kings and queens had all the power and decided all the rules without the participation of citizens. But over time, people began to want to have a voice in decisions, and thus different forms of States emerged, some with kings, others with elected presidents. And there are still States that are formed by several nations, as is the case of the European Union. Now, how about researching different types of States around the world and how they are organized? It will be a great discovery to expand our knowledge about this great game of living in society!

Conclusion

Conclusions

At the end of this incredible journey through the world of the State, we learned that it is like a big ship that keeps society sailing towards better days. We understood that the State is responsible for organizing everything in our country, from the schools where we learn to the hospitals that take care of our health. Like a family, everyone in the State has their roles: leaders make important decisions and citizens follow the rules and also give their opinions to improve everyone's life.

We discovered that rules, or laws, are essential to avoid confusion, and that citizens have the power to choose who will lead and help create these rules. This shows how each of us is important in building a fair and happy State. Furthermore, we realized that being a good citizen means having responsibilities, such as taking care of the place where we live and respecting others.

Finally, we reflected on what life would be like without the State and saw that it would be very difficult to have an organized and safe life. Now, we know that the State is our great partner, and together, like a team of superheroes, we can make our community, our city, and our country incredible places to live. Thus, we end our journey with a map full of knowledge about the State, ready to explore more and more the world of History in search of new treasures!